ReviewOncology reviews2025
Treating ER-positive breast cancer: a review of the current FDA-approved SERMs and SERDs and their mechanisms of action.
Review in Oncology reviews, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 29 papers.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
29 citing papers in PubMed.
- Recent advances in hormone-based biopharmaceuticals for cancer therapy.Journal of the Egyptian National Cancer Institute · 2026Review
- Review
- Discovery of ERα-Targeting Phytochemicals With In Vitro Cytotoxicity and Computational Prediction of Y537S Mutant Inhibition.Chemical biology & drug design · 2026Article
- Genome-Wide Analysis of Alternative Splicing Identifies a Prognostic Signature in ER-Positive Breast Cancer.Genes · 2026Article
- Estrogen Receptors and Enzymes Involved in Estrogen Synthesis as Breast Cancer Treatment Targets.International journal of molecular sciences · 2026Review
- MicroRNA Signatures of Fulvestrant-Treated Luminal Breast Cancer Cells: Identification of Therapeutic Targets Regulated byInternational journal of molecular sciences · 2026Article
- Targeting PFKFB3 to enhance CDK4/6 inhibitor response in ER+ breast cancer.Breast cancer research : BCR · 2026Article
- Modulation of splicing factors SF3B1 and SRSF1 by polypurine reverse Hoogsteen hairpins affects the splicing pattern of estrogen receptor α in breast cancer cells.Cancer cell international · 2026Article
- Cancer Evolvability Determines Therapy Outcomes.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2026Article
- Imlunestrant with or without abemaciclib in advanced breast cancer: safety analyses from the EMBER-3 trial.NPJ breast cancer · 2026Article
- CAR-T cell therapy in breast cancer management: expanding horizon and overcoming challenges beyond hematologic cancers.Molecular biology reports · 2026Review
- Non-coding RNA-mediated mechanisms underlying tamoxifen resistance in breast cancer.Discover oncology · 2026Review
- Multifunctional chitosan-doxorubicin nanocarriers: advancing targeted breast cancer chemotherapy.Molecular cancer · 2026Review
- In vivo and in silico approaches for evaluating nerolidol-β-cyclodextrin nanoparticles: Antioxidant potential and hormonal modulation in DMBA-induced mammary carcinoma.Naunyn-Schmiedeberg's archives of pharmacology · 2026Article
- Targeting PFKFB3 to enhance CDK4/6 inhibitor response in ER+ breast cancer.Research square · 2026Article
- The Immunoregulatory Roles of ERα in Breast Cancer: Mechanisms, Crosstalk, and Therapeutic Insights.Journal of cancer prevention · 2026Review
- Bone Metastasis in Estrogen Receptor-Positive Breast Cancer: Molecular Insights and Therapeutic Advances.International journal of molecular sciences · 2026Review
- Multicomplex Pharmacophore Modeling of Estrogen Receptors Suggests the Probable Repurposing of Procaterol as an Antiproliferative Agent Against Breast Cancer Cells.International journal of molecular sciences · 2026Article
- Lipid metabolism reprogramming: key mechanism of breast cancer endocrine therapy resistance.Frontiers in oncology · 2026Review
- Adjuvant endocrine therapy in estrogen-low breast cancer in the era of CDKI: are we at another uncertain crossroads?Frontiers in oncology · 2026Review
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
2 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Breast cancer is one of the most significant causes of mortality among women and the second most prevalent cancer worldwide. Estrogen receptor (ER)-positive breast cancers are the most common molecular subtype of breast cancer, comprising about 70% of breast carcinoma diagnoses worldwide. Endocrine therapy is the foremost strategy for the treatment of ER-positive breast cancer. In the United States, the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) has approved endocrine therapies for ER-positive breast cancers that include selective estrogen receptor modulators (SERMs), selective estrogen receptor downregulators/degraders (SERDs) and aromatase inhibitors (AIs). The approved SERMS, tamoxifen, toremifene and raloxifene, are the gold-standard treatments. The only FDA-approved SERD available for treating ER and hormone-positive breast cancers is fulvestrant, and various generations of AIs, including exemestane, letrozole, and anastrozole, have also received FDA approval. Herein, we review the major FDA-approved SERMs and SERDs for treating ER-positive breast cancer, focusing on their mechanisms of action. We also explore molecular events that contribute to the resistance of these drugs to endocrine therapies and combinational strategies with drugs such as cyclin-dependant kinases 4/6 (CDK4/6) inhibitors in clinical trials to combat endocrine drug resistance.
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