Evidence map›Paper›PMID 40275973›Full record

ArticleData in brief2025

Balinese text-to-speech dataset as digital cultural heritage.

I Gusti Agung Gede Arya Kadyanan, Ngurah Agus Sanjaya Er, Anak Agung Istri Ngurah Eka Karyawati, I Gede Ngurah Arya Wira Putra, I Made Suma Gunawan, Ni Made Julia Budiantari, Hana Christine Octavia

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Data in brief, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
1citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

1 citing paper in PubMed.

  1. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

7 authors.

I Gusti Agung Gede Arya KadyananDepartment of Informatics, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Udayana University, Badung, Indonesia.
Ngurah Agus Sanjaya ErDepartment of Informatics, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Udayana University, Badung, Indonesia.
Anak Agung Istri Ngurah Eka KaryawatiDepartment of Informatics, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Udayana University, Badung, Indonesia.
I Gede Ngurah Arya Wira PutraDepartment of Informatics, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Udayana University, Badung, Indonesia.
I Made Suma GunawanDepartment of Informatics, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Udayana University, Badung, Indonesia.
Ni Made Julia BudiantariDepartment of Informatics, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Udayana University, Badung, Indonesia.
Hana Christine OctaviaDepartment of Informatics, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Udayana University, Badung, Indonesia.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Balinese language has a complex and unique language level system, yet still lacks representation in speech-based technologies such as Text-to-Speech (TTS) and speech recognition. As one of the linguistically rich regional languages, Balinese language digitization efforts have not been optimally developed, limiting research in natural language processing (NLP) as well as the application of regional language-based voice technologies. The limitation of voice-based datasets in Balinese is a major challenge in the development of this technology. Therefore, this research aims to develop a dataset of Balinese native speaker audio recordings covering various language levels to support applications in Text-to-Speech (TTS) systems, speech recognition, and voice-to-text technology. The dataset was developed through a data acquisition process that involved recording the voices of native Balinese speakers of the Badung dialect. Data was collected by recording the voices of native Balinese speakers using the Badung dialect. The resulting recordings were then processed using denoising techniques to improve audio quality, before being categorized based on Balinese politeness levels (Alus Singgih, Alus Sor, Alus Mider, Mider, and Andap) as well as including additional phrases and alphabets to provide a wider variety to the dataset. The results show that this dataset consists of 1187 recordings that reflect a wide range of social variation in Balinese. By providing this resource, this research not only contributes to the development of speech-based technologies, but also plays a role in the preservation of Balinese in the digital age, as well as opening up further research opportunities in NLP for languages with limited resources.

Indexed as

Cultural digitizationLanguage technologyLinguistic preservationLocal audio recordingsNatural language processing (NLP)Sound processing

Identifiers

PMID40275973
PMCPMC12020862

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.