ArticleAnimal microbiome2025
Organ-specific microbiomes of Biomphalaria snails.
Article in Animal microbiome, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 6 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Who cites it
6 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.
- Taxonomy, tissue, and habitat influence mollusk microbial communities.The ISME journal · 2026Pooled it
- Mytilus edulis-mediated green synthesis of selenium nanoparticles with antimicrobial and molluscicidal applications.Scientific reports · 2026Article
- Haemocyte-Derived Innate Immune Reactions of the Giant African Snail (Animals : an open access journal from MDPI · 2026Article
- Dietary variations drive divergent phenotypic, transcriptomic, and metatranscriptomic profiles in Biomphalaria glabrata, a schistosomiasis vector snail.Parasites & vectors · 2026Article
- Limited impact of schistosome infection on Biomphalaria glabrata snail microbiomes.Parasites & vectors · 2026Article
- Freshwater snail faecal metagenomes reveal environmental reservoirs of antimicrobial resistance genes across two continents.Microbial genomics · 2025Article
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5 authors.
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Abstract
backgroundThe microbiome is increasingly recognized to shape many aspects of its host biology and is a key determinant of health and disease. The microbiome may influence transmission of pathogens by their vectors, such as mosquitoes or aquatic snails. We previously sequenced the V4 region of the bacterial 16S rRNA gene from the hemolymph (blood) of Biomphalaria spp. snails, vectors of the human blood fluke (schistosomes). We showed that snail hemolymph harbored an abundant and diverse microbiome. This microbiome is distinct from the water environment and can discriminate snail species and populations. As hemolymph bathes snail organs, we then investigated the heterogeneity of the microbiome in these organs.
resultsWe dissected ten snails for each of two different species (B. alexandrina and B. glabrata) and collected their hemolymph and organs (ovotestis, hepatopancreas, gut, and stomach). We also ground in liquid nitrogen four whole snails of each species. We sampled the water in which the snails were living (environmental controls). Sequencing the 16S rRNA gene revealed organ-specific microbiomes. These microbiomes harbored a lower diversity than the hemolymph microbiome, and the whole-snail microbiome. The organ microbiomes tend to cluster by physiological function. In addition, we showed that the whole-snail microbiome is more similar to hemolymph microbiome.
conclusionsThese results are critical for future work on snail microbiomes and show the necessity of sampling individual organ microbiomes to provide a complete description of snail microbiomes.
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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.