Evidence map›Paper›PMID 40275019›Full record

ArticleScientific reports2025

A multifunctional nursing pad for lactating mothers.

Iqra Zainab, Zohra Naseem, Syeda Rubab Batool, Muhammet Uzun, Alexandra Ioanid, Muhammad Anwaar Nazeer

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Scientific reports, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
0citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

6 authors.

Iqra ZainabBiomaterials and Tissue Engineering Research (BIOMATTER) Laboratory, National Textile University, Faisalabad, 37610, Pakistan.
Zohra NaseemBiomaterials and Tissue Engineering Research (BIOMATTER) Laboratory, National Textile University, Faisalabad, 37610, Pakistan.
Syeda Rubab BatoolSchool of Engineering and Technology, National Textile University, Faisalabad, 37610, Pakistan.
Muhammet UzunDepartment of Textile Engineering, Faculty of Technology, Marmara University, 34854, Istanbul, Türkiye.
Alexandra IoanidDepartment of Entrepreneurship and Management, National University of Science and Technology Politehnica Bucharest, Splaiul Independentei 313, 060042, Bucharest, Romania. alexandra.ioanid@upb.ro.
Muhammad Anwaar NazeerBiomaterials and Tissue Engineering Research (BIOMATTER) Laboratory, National Textile University, Faisalabad, 37610, Pakistan. mnazeer13@ku.edu.tr.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Lactating mothers commonly use nursing pads to prevent milk from leaking and avoid staining their clothes. This research aims to develop a nursing pad that consists of a dual-layer structure: viscose fabric with three different grams per square meter (GSM) as an absorbent inner layer and a polyethylene laminated outer layer to provide barrier properties. The developed composite was further treated with varying concentrations (5%,10%, and 15%) of an antimicrobial finish to protect against skin infections and odor caused by the milk. Afterward, the composite was subjected to 5 and 10 washing cycles. Key performance parameters including water absorbency, hydrostatic head, antibacterial activity, odor evaluation, air permeability, and relative hand value were evaluated before and after washing cycles. The results demonstrate that the developed nursing pad provides all the essential features required for optimal performance.

Indexed as

Breast FeedingLactationTextilesAnti-Bacterial AgentsFemaleHumansMilk, HumanAnti-Bacterial AgentsAbsorbent nursing padsAntimicrobial padsHigh-density polyethyleneLaminationNeedle-punched nonwovenViscose

Identifiers

PMID40275019
PMCPMC12022268

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY-NC-ND
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.