Evidence map›Paper›PMID 40274383›Full record

ReviewJournal of Zhejiang University. Science. B2025

COVID-19 and acute limb ischemia: latest hypotheses of pathophysiology and molecular mechanisms.

Chengjun Yao, Yanzhao Dong, Haiying Zhou, Xiaodi Zou, Ahmad Alhaskawi, Sohaib Hasan Abdullah Ezzi, Zewei Wang, Jingtian Lai, Vishnu Goutham Kota, Mohamed Hasan Abdulla Hasan Abdulla and 4 more

Abstract readReview
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Review in Journal of Zhejiang University. Science. B, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
0citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

14 authors.

Chengjun YaoDepartment of Orthopaedics, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310003, China.
Yanzhao DongDepartment of Orthopaedics, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310003, China.
Haiying ZhouDepartment of Orthopaedics, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310003, China.
Xiaodi ZouDepartment of Orthopaedics, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310003, China.
Ahmad AlhaskawiDepartment of Orthopaedics, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310003, China.
Sohaib Hasan Abdullah EzziDepartment of Nuclear Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310003, China.
Zewei WangDepartment of Orthopaedics, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310003, China.
Jingtian LaiDepartment of Orthopaedics, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310003, China.
Vishnu Goutham KotaDepartment of Nuclear Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310003, China.
Mohamed Hasan Abdulla Hasan AbdullaDepartment of Nuclear Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310003, China.
Zhenfeng LiuDepartment of Nuclear Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310003, China.
Sahar Ahmed AbdalbaryDepartment of Orthopaedic Physical Therapy, Faculty of Physical Therapy, Nahda University, Beni Suef 2711860, Egypt.
Olga AlenikovaRepublic Scientific Practical Center of Neurology and Neurosurgery, Ministry of Health of the Republic of Belarus, Minsk 220004, Belarus.
Hui LuDepartment of Orthopaedics, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310003, China. huilu@zju.edu.cn.

Funding

the Zhejiang Provincial Medical Scientific Research Program 2022RC136
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is a multi-system disease that can lead to various severe complications. Acute limb ischemia (ALI) has been increasingly recognized as a COVID-19-associated complication that often predicts a poor prognosis. However, the pathophysiology and molecular mechanisms underlying COVID-19-associated ALI remain poorly understood. Hypercoagulability and thrombosis are considered important mechanisms, but we also emphasize the roles of vasospasm, hypoxia, and acidosis in the pathogenesis of the disease. The angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2) pathway, inflammation, and platelet activation may be important molecular mechanisms underlying these pathological changes induced by COVID-19. Furthermore, we discuss the hypotheses of risk factors for COVID-19-associated ALI from genetic, age, and gender perspectives based on our analysis of molecular mechanisms. Additionally, we summarize therapeutic approaches such as use of the interleukin-6 (IL-6) blocker tocilizumab, calcium channel blockers, and angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors, providing insights for the future treatment of coronavirus-associated limb ischemic diseases.

Indexed as

COVID-19ExtremitiesIschemiaAcute DiseaseAngiotensin-Converting Enzyme 2HumansInterleukin-6 InhibitorsRisk FactorsSARS-CoV-2ACE2 protein, humanAngiotensin-Converting Enzyme 2Interleukin-6 InhibitorsAcute limb ischemia (ALI)Angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2)Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) infection complicationHypercoagulabilityHypoxia-inducible factor 1α (HIF-1α)ThrombosisTocilizumabType I interferon (IFN-I)Vasospasm

Identifiers

PMID40274383
PMCPMC12021539

What OpenQuestion holds

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.