ArticleThe Journal of surgical research2025
Oncology and Acute Care Surgery: Examining Outcomes in Cancer Patients Requiring Emergent Laparotomy.
Article in The Journal of surgical research, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 3 papers.
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Who cites it
3 citing papers in PubMed.
- Return to intended oncologic therapy after treatment for cholecystitis in cancer patients.Surgery · 2026Article
- The effect of neo-adjuvant chemotherapy with 5-fluorouracil on the integrity of colonic anastomoses: a systematic review and meta-analysis of experimental studies on rats.Frontiers in surgery · 2026Review
- Are patients with active cancer at increased risk of revision surgery after total joint arthroplasty? A propensity-matched study.Archives of orthopaedic and trauma surgery · 2025Article
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Authors and funding
8 authors.
Funding
Abstract
introductionPatients presenting with abdominal emergencies requiring emergent laparotomy are at high risk of morbidity and mortality. The impact of an active cancer diagnosis on the short-term outcomes of emergent laparotomy is not well described.
methodsA retrospective analysis was conducted using an institutional database comprised of patients admitted from 2015 to 2019 who underwent exploratory laparotomy within 6 h of surgical consultation. The postoperative outcomes of patients with and without an active cancer diagnosis were compared using univariate and multivariable analysis with adjustment for clinical and demographic variables.
resultsAmong 409 patients who met inclusion criteria, 320 (78.2%) were without an active cancer diagnosis and 89 (21.8%) had an active cancer diagnosis. Patients with cancer were older (median [interquartile range], 63 [56, 70] y versus 59 y [49, 69], P = 0.0001) and presented with higher number of acute severity measures (17.9% versus 13.1%, P = 0.017). Patients with cancer had higher odds of 90-d mortality (adjusted odds ratio: 12.0, 95% confidence interval: [4.9, 29.3]) and 90-d systemic complications (adjusted odds ratio 2.4, 95% confidence interval: [1.26, 4.50]). Patients with cancer who died during index hospitalization received more inpatient palliative care consultations (53.3% versus 25.7%, P = 0.0336) and experienced more systemic complications postoperatively (45.2% versus 17.0%, P = 0.0038).
conclusionsAn active cancer diagnosis is independently associated with worse postoperative outcomes following emergent laparotomy. These findings should inform individual and shared decision-making regarding the role of emergency surgery and are relevant for future patient-centered research in oncologic emergencies.
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