Evidence map›Paper›PMID 40272774›Full record

ArticleJournal of racial and ethnic health disparities2026

Dehumanization and Narratives Around Black Bodies in Medicine and Gynecology: from the 19th to the 21st Century.

Ingrid Cagy Marra

Abstract readHistorical Article
PubMed Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in Journal of racial and ethnic health disparities, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
0citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

1 author.

Ingrid Cagy MarraFachbereich 05 Gesellschaftswissenschaften, Universität Kassel, Kassel, Germany. ingridcagy@hotmail.com.ORCID 0000-0002-5279-9665

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Discrepancies in healthcare outcomes and quality of treatment between White people and people of color are known and statistically relevant in the USA. The possible root causes of this issue, however, are not discussed enough, further enhancing an unequal access to proper healthcare and not acknowledging the role of racism and White supremacy in the consolidation of the medical field in the country. This article used discourse and document analysis to understand the role in which racism and narratives regarding Black bodies during the consolidation of medicine and gynecology had in the USA during the nineteenth century to create discrepancies in access and quality of care for Black patients today. The findings suggest that the dehumanizing narratives of Black patients in the past still impact the quality of care, creating higher mortality rates, worse prognosis, and lack of proper pain management, reinforcing health disparities.

Indexed as

Black or African AmericanDehumanizationGynecologyHealthcare DisparitiesRacismFemaleHistory, 19th CenturyHistory, 20th CenturyHistory, 21st CenturyHumansUnited StatesWhiteDelivery of healthcareHealth disparitiesHistory of medicineRacism in medicineStructural racism

Identifiers

What OpenQuestion holds

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Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.