ReviewDiabetes care2025
Unfolding the Mystery of Autoimmunity: The Environmental Determinants of Diabetes in the Young (TEDDY) Study.
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In one paragraph
Review in Diabetes care, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 15 papers.
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15citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
What it found
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Who cites it
15 citing papers in PubMed.
- Article
- International consensus guidance for general population screening for islet autoantibodies to diagnose early-stage type 1 diabetes: a nominal group technique process.Diabetologia · 2026Article
- Higher osteocalcin levels are associated with preserved β-cell function in early-established type 1 diabetes.Journal of endocrinological investigation · 2026Article
- Differences in Clinical Manifestations and Islet Autoantibodies by Age in Adult-Onset Type 1 Diabetes.Diabetes care · 2026Article
- The First Selective Screening for Type 1 Diabetes in a Pediatric Population in Bulgaria.Journal of clinical medicine · 2026Article
- Toward Disease-Modifying Therapies in Type 1 Diabetes: Focus on Teplizumab.Diabetes care · 2026Review
- Evolution of islet autoantibodies in the Environmental Determinants of Islet Autoimmunity (ENDIA) prospective cohort.Diabetologia · 2026Article
- Early Detection of Pediatric Type 1 Diabetes: The Expanding Role of Screening.Children (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Review
- Toll-Like Receptors in Diabetes: Immunometabolic Mechanisms and Emerging Precision Therapeutic Strategies.Journal of inflammation research · 2026Review
- Microbial associations and viruses on the risk of celiac disease (MAVRiC): a longitudinal post-hoc case-cohort study.Scientific reports · 2025Article
- Health economic considerations of screening for early type 1 diabetes.Diabetes, obesity & metabolism · 2025Review
- NIDDK at 75 Years of Age: Great Triumphs but Concerns for Its Longevity.Diabetes care · 2025Article
- Article
- NIDDK: Celebrating 75 Years of Advancing Diabetes Research.Diabetes · 2025Article
- NIDDK: Celebrating 75 Years of Advancing Diabetes Research.Diabetes care · 2025Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
28 authors.
Marian RewersUniversity of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO.ORCID 0000-0003-3829-9207
Daniel AgardhDepartment of Clinical Sciences, Lund University, Malmö, Sweden.
Suzanne Bennett JohnsonFlorida State University College of Medicine, Tallahassee, FL.
Ezio BonifacioCenter for Regenerative Therapies, Faculty of Medicine, TU Dresden, Dresden, Germany.
Helena Elding LarssonDepartment of Clinical Sciences, Lund University, Malmö, Sweden.
Patricia GesualdoUniversity of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO.
William HagopianUniversity of Washington, Seattle, WA.
Michael J HallerUniversity of Florida, Gainesville, FL.
Heikki HyötyTampere University, Tampere, Finland.
Randi JohnsonUniversity of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO.
Richard McIndoeCenter for Biotechnology and Genomic Medicine, Augusta University, Augusta, GA.
Eoin McKinneyUniversity of Cambridge, Cambridge, U.K.
Jessica MelinDepartment of Clinical Sciences, Lund University, Malmö, Sweden.
Åke LernmarkDepartment of Clinical Sciences, Lund University, Malmö, Sweden.
Richard E LloydBaylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX.
Kristian F LynchHealth Informatics Institute, Morsani College of Medicine, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL.
Jill M NorrisUniversity of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO.
Stephen S RichUniversity of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA.
Roswith RothUniversity of Graz, Graz, Austria.
Desmond SchatzUniversity of Florida, Gainesville, FL.
Jorma ToppariUniversity of Turku, Turku, Finland.
Eric TriplettUniversity of Florida, Gainesville, FL.
Kendra VehikHealth Informatics Institute, Morsani College of Medicine, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL.
Suvi M VirtanenTampere University, Tampere, Finland.
Anette-G ZieglerInstitute of Diabetes Research, Helmholtz Zentrum München, Neuherberg, Germany.
Beena AkolkarNational Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, Bethesda, MD.
Jeffrey P KrischerHealth Informatics Institute, Morsani College of Medicine, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL.
TEDDY Study Group
Funding
Limited Competition: Continued Follow-up of Subjects and Initiation of a Second Case-control Cohort in The Environmental Determinants of Diabetes in The Young Study (TEDDY)U01DK128847 · NIDDK · UNIVERSITY OF SOUTH FLORIDA · PI JEFFREY P KRISCHER · 2021 to 2026
$79.2MData Coordinating Center (DCC)for the Consortium for Identification of EnvironmenUC4DK095300 · NIDDK · UNIVERSITY OF SOUTH FLORIDA · PI KRISCHER, JEFFREY P · 2011 to 2011
$56.0MNIH Prior Approval Process ProfessionalUL1TR002535 · NCATS · UNIVERSITY OF COLORADO DENVER · PI SOKOL, RONALD J. · 2018 to 2022
$51.1MData Coordinating CenterU01DK063790 · NIDDK · UNIVERSITY OF SOUTH FLORIDA · PI KRISCHER, JEFFREY P · 2002 to 2006
$50.1MVector and Transgenic Mouse CoreP30DK017047 · NIDDK · UNIVERSITY OF WASHINGTON · PI Sakeneh Zraika · 1986 to 2026
$41.4MFollow-up on Subjects, Integrative Data Analysis and Measurement of Viral Antibodies in The Environmental Determinants of Diabetes in The Young Study (TEDDY)U01DK124166 · NIDDK · UNIVERSITY OF SOUTH FLORIDA · PI KRISCHER, JEFFREY P · 2020 to 2022
$31.1MNIDDK Follow-up on Subjects and Immunological Assessments in The Environmental Determinants of Diabetes In The Young Study (TEDDY) (UC4)UC4DK117483 · NIDDK · UNIVERSITY OF SOUTH FLORIDA · PI KRISCHER, JEFFREY P · 2017 to 2020
$30.4MEstablish a Data Coordinating Center (DCC) for the Consortium for Identification UC4DK100238 · NIDDK · UNIVERSITY OF SOUTH FLORIDA · PI KRISCHER, JEFFREY P · 2014 to 2014
$28.9MThe Study of Epigenetics and Infections in The Environmental Determinants of Diabetes in the Young (TEDDY)UC4DK112243 · NIDDK · UNIVERSITY OF SOUTH FLORIDA · PI KRISCHER, JEFFREY P · 2016 to 2016
$27.0MData Coordinating Center (DCC) for the Consortium for Identification of Environmental Determinants of Diabetes in the Young (TEDDY) StudyUC4DK106955 · NIDDK · UNIVERSITY OF SOUTH FLORIDA · PI KRISCHER, JEFFREY P · 2015 to 2015
$20.0MThe Environmental Determinants of Diabetes in Young (TEDDY0U01DK063863 · NIDDK · HOSPITAL DISTRICT OF SOUTHWEST FINLAND · PI TOPPARI, JORMA · 2003 to 2022
$13.5MThe Environmental Triggers of Diabetes (TEDDY) in SwedenU01DK063861 · NIDDK · UNIVERSITY OF WASHINGTON · PI LERNMARK, AKE · 2003 to 2022
$13.4MJDRFNCATS NIH HHS UL1 TR000064NCATS NIH HHS UL1 TR002535NIDDK NIH HHS HHSN267200700014CNIDDK NIH HHS P30 DK017047NIDDK NIH HHS U01 DK063790NIDDK NIH HHS U01 DK063821NIDDK NIH HHS U01 DK063829NIDDK NIH HHS U01 DK063836NIDDK NIH HHS U01 DK063861NIDDK NIH HHS U01 DK063863NIDDK NIH HHS U01 DK063865NIDDK NIH HHS U01 DK124166NIDDK NIH HHS U01 DK128847NIDDK NIH HHS UC4 DK063821NIDDK NIH HHS UC4 DK063829NIDDK NIH HHS UC4 DK063836NIDDK NIH HHS UC4 DK063861NIDDK NIH HHS UC4 DK063863NIDDK NIH HHS UC4 DK063865NIDDK NIH HHS UC4 DK095300NIDDK NIH HHS UC4 DK100238NIDDK NIH HHS UC4 DK106955NIDDK NIH HHS UC4 DK112243NIDDK NIH HHS UC4 DK117483NIH HHSNLM NIH HHS HHSN267200700014Cthe National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases (NIDDK), National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (NIAID), Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development (NICHD), National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences (NIEHS), Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) U01 DK63790the National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases (NIDDK), National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (NIAID), Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development (NICHD), National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences (NIEHS), Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) U01 DK63821the National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases (NIDDK), National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (NIAID), Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development (NICHD), National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences (NIEHS), Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) U01 DK63829the National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases (NIDDK), National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (NIAID), Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development (NICHD), National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences (NIEHS), Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) U01 DK63836the National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases (NIDDK), National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (NIAID), Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development (NICHD), National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences (NIEHS), Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) U01 DK63861the National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases (NIDDK), National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (NIAID), Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development (NICHD), National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences (NIEHS), Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) U01 DK63863the National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases (NIDDK), National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (NIAID), Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development (NICHD), National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences (NIEHS), Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) U01 DK63865the National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases (NIDDK), National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (NIAID), Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development (NICHD), National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences (NIEHS), Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) UC4 DK63821the National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases (NIDDK), National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (NIAID), Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development (NICHD), National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences (NIEHS), Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) UC4 DK63829the National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases (NIDDK), National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (NIAID), Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development (NICHD), National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences (NIEHS), Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) UC4 DK63836the National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases (NIDDK), National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (NIAID), Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development (NICHD), National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences (NIEHS), Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) UC4 DK63861the National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases (NIDDK), National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (NIAID), Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development (NICHD), National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences (NIEHS), Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) UC4 DK63863the National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases (NIDDK), National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (NIAID), Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development (NICHD), National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences (NIEHS), Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) UC4 DK63865the National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases (NIDDK), National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (NIAID), Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development (NICHD), National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences (NIEHS), Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) UC4 DK95300
Abstract
In 2025, the National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases (NIDDK) at the National Institutes of Health celebrates 75 years of leadership in diabetes research. The NIDDK serves people of the U.S. affected by or at risk for many chronic diseases, including diabetes and other endocrine, metabolic, and digestive disorders, by funding innovative research to develop better treatment and prevention and a cure for these conditions. Autoimmunity that leads to type 1 diabetes or celiac disease or thyroid autoimmunity affects 1 in 20 children and adolescents in the U.S. While treatments are available, prevention of these common autoimmune diseases has been elusive due to poor understanding of the environmental causes and their interactions with common predisposing or protective genetic variants. In 2002, the NIDDK established The Environmental Determinants of Diabetes in the Young (TEDDY) consortium to advance understanding of the causes and the natural history of type 1 diabetes and other autoimmune diseases. The overarching goal of TEDDY is to inform novel approaches to primary prevention of autoimmunity. In this large international prospective birth cohort study, standardized information has been collected concerning candidate environmental exposures along with serial blood, stool, nasal swab, and other biosamples, with creation of a central repository of data and biologic samples for hypothesis-based research. This review summarizes TEDDY's major contributions to our understanding of environmental triggers, drivers, and modifiers of autoimmunity, and gene-environment interactions, leading to type 1 diabetes.
Indexed as
AutoimmunityDiabetes Mellitus, Type 1AdolescentChildEnvironmental ExposureHumansUnited States
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