Evidence map›Paper›PMID 40270771›Full record

ArticleFrontiers in cellular and infection microbiology2025

Self-assembled epitope-based nanoparticles targeting the SARS-CoV-2 spike protein enhanced the immune response and induced potential broad neutralizing activity.

Yue Liu, Chenxi Li, Zirui Wu, Yu Zhao, Tieyan Yin, Xiaopan Liu, Jiaru Hui, Qingyu Wang, Yi Pan, Yaming Shan and 1 more

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Frontiers in cellular and infection microbiology, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 3 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
3citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

3 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Hierarchical Functionalisation of UiO-66(Zr)-NHNanomaterials (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026
    Article
  2. Review
  3. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

11 authors.

Yue LiuDepartment of Echocardiography, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China.
Chenxi LiNational Engineering Laboratory for AIDS Vaccine, School of Life Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun, China.
Zirui WuNational Engineering Laboratory for AIDS Vaccine, School of Life Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun, China.
Yu ZhaoNational Engineering Laboratory for AIDS Vaccine, School of Life Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun, China.
Tieyan YinNational Engineering Laboratory for AIDS Vaccine, School of Life Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun, China.
Xiaopan LiuNational Engineering Laboratory for AIDS Vaccine, School of Life Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun, China.
Jiaru HuiNational Engineering Laboratory for AIDS Vaccine, School of Life Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun, China.
Qingyu WangNational Engineering Laboratory for AIDS Vaccine, School of Life Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun, China.
Yi PanNational Engineering Laboratory for AIDS Vaccine, School of Life Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun, China.
Yaming ShanNational Engineering Laboratory for AIDS Vaccine, School of Life Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun, China.
Xinglong QuDepartment of Respiratory, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Introduction: The ongoing COVID-19 has caused a global pandemic, resulting in millions of infections and deaths. While current vaccines target the SARS-CoV-2 spike (S) protein, its high mutation rate significantly compromises vaccine efficacy. We aimed to evaluate the potential of epitope-based nanoparticles (NPs) to induce broad cross-protection and durable immune responses against SARS-CoV-2. Methods: Four conserved epitopes derived from the receptor-binding domain (RBD) and S2 subunit of the spike protein were integrated into Results: These NPs induced high titers of epitope-specific antibodies lasting three months post-immunization. Sera from the RBM-F, UH-F, and HR2-F groups exhibited neutralizing activity against the SARS-CoV-2 pseudovirus WH-1 Discussion: The results indicate that these NPs induce robust humoral and cellular immune responses, potentially offering a promising strategy for effective vaccine development against SARS-CoV-2.

Indexed as

Antibodies, NeutralizingCOVID-19COVID-19 VaccinesEpitopesNanoparticlesSARS-CoV-2Spike Glycoprotein, CoronavirusAnimalsAntibodies, ViralAntibody-Dependent Cell CytotoxicityCytokinesFemaleHumansImmunity, CellularMiceMice, Inbred BALB CAntibodies, NeutralizingAntibodies, ViralCOVID-19 VaccinesCytokinesEpitopesSpike Glycoprotein, Coronavirusspike protein, SARS-CoV-2ferritinimmunogenicity studykey epitopesSARS-CoV-2self-assembled nanoparticles

Identifiers

PMID40270771
PMCPMC12014594

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.