ArticleFrontiers in public health2025
Trends in lower extremity peripheral arterial disease incidence since 1990 and forecasting future statistics using Global Burden of Disease 2021: a time-series analysis.
Article in Frontiers in public health, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 4 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
4 citing papers in PubMed.
- Global Burden, Attributable Risk Factors, and Future Projections of Lower Extremity Peripheral Arterial Disease Among Postmenopausal Women.International journal of women's health · 2026Article
- Global, regional, and national burden of aortic aneurysm disease and its attributable risk factor, 1990-2021: a systematic analysis for the global burden of disease study 2021.Internal and emergency medicine · 2025Article
- Toward Better Risk Stratification After Iliofemoral Endovascular Therapy in Lower Extremity Artery Disease.JACC. Asia · 2025Article
- Trends and Potential Risk Factors of Lower Extremity Peripheral Arterial Disease: Results from the Global Burden of Disease Study 2021.Pulse (Basel, Switzerland)Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
9 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Background: Lower extremity peripheral arterial disease (LEPAD) significantly affects quality of life and is associated with severe cardiovascular risks. Studies on its long-term incidence trends are limited. Objective: This study aims to analyze global trends in LEPAD incidence from 1990 to 2021 using the Global Burden of Disease (GBD) 2021 database and to forecast future trends between 2022 and 2030, providing insights for healthcare planning and resource allocation. Methods: Data were extracted from the GBD 2021 database by genders, age groups, continents, and sociodemographic index (SDI) levels. Using Joinpoint regression analysis, annual percentage changes (APC) and average annual percentage changes (AAPC) were calculated to assess age-standardized incidence rates (ASIR) historical trends. Autoregressive integrated moving average (ARIMA) model was applied to predict ASIR between 2022 and 2030. Results: The global ASIR of LEPAD showed a slight decrease from 1990 to 2021, though regional differences were notable. In 2021, the highest ASIR was in the Americas, while Africa had the lowest. Gender and age disparities were significant, and females and older populations were at higher risk. ARIMA predictions indicate a stable ASIR trend from 2025 onward. Conclusion: This study provides a comprehensive analysis of LEPAD incidence trends and a forecast through 2030. While global incidence may stabilize, the rising burden in lower-income countries calls for prioritizing early intervention and health education in high-risk regions. These findings emphasize the importance of targeted resource allocation and strategic prevention efforts.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.