ArticleResearch (Washington, D.C.)2025
Noninvasive Self-Powered Iontophoresis Mask Based on a Water-Driven Fiber Battery.
Article in Research (Washington, D.C.), 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 4 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
4 citing papers in PubMed.
- Cellulosic Composites in Lithium Metal Batteries.Advanced materials (Deerfield Beach, Fla.) · 2026Review
- Energetic All-Polymer Fiber Batteries Enabled by Interface-Interlocked Water-In-Network Electrolytes for Wearable Electronics.Advanced materials (Deerfield Beach, Fla.) · 2026Article
- Biomimetic All-Wood Sponge for the Co-Generation of Adsorption-Based Atmospheric Water Harvesting and Hydrovoltaic Power Generation.Research (Washington, D.C.) · 2026Article
- Engineering Organ Conformality for Precise Intracellular Delivery.Research (Washington, D.C.) · 2026Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
8 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Facial masks are often used to treat skin problems, and the introduction of microcurrent ion penetration technology can improve drug penetration and help facial tissue repair. However, most microcurrent stimulation masks contain a direct current power supply and require external power sources, resulting in inconvenient portability and use. Herein, we provide a noninvasive self-powered iontophoresis mask with a water-driven power supply, which is continuously prepared by self-constructing equipment to continually construct a zinc-manganese fiber battery (Zn-Mn@FB) and then seamlessly integrated with a nonwoven cellulose-based superabsorbent fiber substrate. The mask can be activated by water and is simple and portable to use. Zn-Mn@FB demonstrated a capacitance retention of 65.22% (1,000 cycles) and a specific discharge capacity of 27.33 mAh/g (10 cm), which improved with an increase in battery length to up to 41 mAh/g (30 cm). The iontophoresis mask exhibited a stable current within the safe range of 0.09 to 0.59 mA (within 800 s) after water activation, and the drug penetration area increased by 102.64%. The platform is expected to become a practical device for enhanced transdermal drug delivery in the medical field, with the potential to integrate additional components for expanded functionality and productization in the future.
Identifiers
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.