ReviewEnvironment & health (Washington, D.C.)2025
Emerging Perfluorinated Chemical GenX: Environmental and Biological Fates and Risks.
Review in Environment & health (Washington, D.C.), 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 14 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
14 citing papers in PubMed.
- AOP-Based Analysis of Curated Transcriptomic Data Reveals a Context-Dependent Core Mechanism of PFAS-Induced Liver Steatosis.Environmental science & technology · 2026Article
- Predicting PFAS Exposure Risks from Rural Private Wells Using Integrated Mechanistic and Machine-Learned Bayesian Network Models.Environmental science & technology · 2026Article
- Associations of Serum Per- and Polyfluoroalkyl Substance Concentrations with Dyslipidemia and Its Subtypes in an Adult Population from Shandong, East China.Environment & health (Washington, D.C.) · 2026Article
- Article
- Impact of GenX onJournal of agricultural and food chemistry · 2026Article
- Global Inventory of Fluoropolymer Production Plants and Their Associated PFAS Environmental Contamination.Environmental science & technology · 2026Article
- Predifferentiation Neurotoxicity of GenX Exposure on hiPSC-Derived Cortical Neurons.Environmental science & technology · 2026Article
- A new multi-residue method for PFAS analysis in wastewater for environmental and public health risk assessment.Analytical and bioanalytical chemistry · 2026Article
- Convergent GenX biodegradation by genomically designed and functionally screened synthetic bacterial consortia.Frontiers in microbiology · 2026Article
- Article
- From carboxylates to chlorinated sulfonates: Contrasting fate and treatment prospects of GenX and F53B in WWTPs.The Science of the total environment · 2025Review
- Article
- PFAS Exposure, Mental Health, and Environmental Justice in the United States: Impacts on Marginalized Communities.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2025Review
- GenX induces offspring vascular endothelial ferroptosis by targeting GPX4 for ubiquitination-dependent degradation.Current research in toxicology · 2025Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
3 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Perfluorinated chemical GenX, formally known as hexafluoropropylene oxide dimer acid (HFPO-DA), has been applied as an alternative to the forever chemical perfluorooctanoic acid (PFOA). The applications of HFPO-DA have rapidly expanded from traditional nonstick coating industries into high-tech semiconductor manufacturing. Because of such facts in conjunction with its low biodegradation rate and high potential of long-distance atmospheric transport, the presence and accumulation of HFPO-DA have been ubiquitously detected in environmental media and biological species, including animals and human beings, posing alarming and urgent needs for the risk assessment of HFPO-DA. Building on the United States Environmental Protection Agency's evaluation of HFPO-DA in 2021, this review first summarizes the interaction of HFPO-DA with the environment, elaborates on its known toxicities and potential carcinogenicity, along with their possible mechanisms, and briefly addresses its current exposure assessment and risk management strategies. These lines of evidence support that the safety of HFPO-DA necessitates further investigation and monitoring, albeit being considered as a less toxic and low persistence substitute of traditional PFOA.
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.