Evidence map›Paper›PMID 40269166›Full record

ArticleNature2025

Brief antibiotic use drives human gut bacteria towards low-cost resistance.

Eitan Yaffe, Les Dethlefsen, Arati V Patankar, Chen Gui, Susan Holmes, David A Relman

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Nature, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 15 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
15citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

15 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Trial
  2. Article
  3. Review
  4. Article
  5. Review
  6. Article
  7. Article
  8. Article
  9. Contrasting pH optima of β-lactamases CTX-M and CMY influenceApplied and environmental microbiology · 2026
    Article
  10. Article
  11. Review
  12. Transfer and Fitness of ISMicroorganisms · 2025
    Article
  13. Dynamics of dN/dS within recombining bacterial populations.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2025
    Article
  14. Article
  15. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

6 authors.

Eitan YaffeDepartment of Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA. eitan.yaffe@stanford.edu.ORCID 0000-0002-2896-3349
Les DethlefsenDepartment of Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA.ORCID 0000-0001-9622-1630
Arati V PatankarInfectious Diseases Section, Veterans Affairs Palo Alto Health Care System, Palo Alto, CA, USA.
Chen GuiInfectious Diseases Section, Veterans Affairs Palo Alto Health Care System, Palo Alto, CA, USA.
Susan HolmesDepartment of Statistics, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA.ORCID 0000-0002-2208-8168
David A RelmanDepartment of Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA.ORCID 0000-0001-8331-1354

Funding

Predicting Resilience in the Human MicrobiomeR01AI112401 · NIAID · PALO ALTO VETERANS INSTIT FOR RESEARCH · PI HOLMES, SUSAN P, RELMAN, DAVID A. · 2013 to 2017
$6.2M
Antimicrobial Resistance and Horizontal Gene Transfer in the Human Gut Microbiome in Response to an AntibioticR01AI147023 · NIAID · PALO ALTO VETERANS INSTIT FOR RESEARCH · PI RELMAN, DAVID A. · 2020 to 2024
$3.5M
Household transmission of the human gut microbiota after antibiotic exposureR21AI168860 · NIAID · STANFORD UNIVERSITY · PI RELMAN, DAVID A. · 2023 to 2024
$426k
NIAID NIH HHS R01 AI112401NIAID NIH HHS R01 AI147023NIAID NIH HHS R21 AI168860
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Understanding the relationship between antibiotic use and the evolution of antimicrobial resistance is vital for effective antibiotic stewardship. Yet, animal models and in vitro experiments poorly replicate real-world conditions

Indexed as

Anti-Bacterial AgentsBacteriaCiprofloxacinDrug Resistance, BacterialGastrointestinal MicrobiomeDNA GyraseEvolution, MolecularFecesFemaleGenome, BacterialHumansLongitudinal StudiesMaleMutationSelection, GeneticTime FactorsAnti-Bacterial AgentsCiprofloxacinDNA Gyrase

Identifiers

PMID40269166
PMCPMC12168174

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceTDM
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.