ArticleInfection2025
Clinical impact of bronchoalveolar lavage fluid metagenomic next-generation sequencing in immunocompromised patients with severe community-acquired pneumonia in ICU: a multicenter retrospective study.
Article in Infection, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 16 papers.
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Who cites it
16 citing papers in PubMed.
- The future of fungal diagnostics: What's next in laboratory testing for invasive fungal infection?Medical mycology · 2026Review
- Metagenomic-based quantification of Pseudomonas aeruginosa burden links microbiome collapse to mortality in severe community-acquired pneumonia.Annals of clinical microbiology and antimicrobials · 2026Article
- Harnessing next-generation microbial diagnostics to optimize infection management in immunocompromised hosts.Current opinion in infectious diseases · 2026Review
- Unlocking the potential of bronchoalveolar lavage: a promising supplement therapy for moderate-to-severe allergic asthma.BMC pulmonary medicine · 2026Article
- Meeting the future at the Munich conference ESCMID-Global 2026.Infection · 2026Article
- The impact of the timing of mNGS-guided antibiotic adjustment on clinical outcomes in ICU patients with severe community-acquired pneumonia: a retrospective study.Annals of clinical microbiology and antimicrobials · 2026Article
- Exploring lung microbiota and clinical application of BALF-mNGS in patients with pulmonary mycobacterial diseases: a multicenter retrospective study.BMC microbiology · 2026Article
- Biomarkers of pulmonary fibrosis in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid and saliva. Study methods and pathophysiological significance.Frontiers in medicine · 2026Review
- The clinical application of metagenomic next-generation sequencing for invasive pulmonary aspergillosis in neutropenic patients: a multicenter retrospective study in the ICU.Frontiers in cellular and infection microbiology · 2026Article
- Immune monitoring, immune phenotyping, and precision intervention in severe pneumonia: current evidence and translational challenges.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Review
- Diagnostic Performance of Bronchoalveolar Lavage Fluid Metagenomic Next‑generation Sequencing versus Conventional Microbiological Tests in Immunocompromised and Immunocompetent Patients with Pulmonary Infection.Infection and drug resistance · 2026Article
- The complexity of invasive fungal diseases in the intensive care unit: evaluation of metagenomic next-generation sequencing.Frontiers in cellular and infection microbiology · 2026Article
- Metagenomic next-generation sequencing unveils invasive aspergillosis masquerading as miliary tuberculosis in a neutropenic leukemia patient: a case report.Frontiers in fungal biology · 2026Article
- Diagnostic performance and clinical utility of metagenomic next-generation sequencing in suspected pulmonary infections: a comparative study stratified by immune status.Frontiers in cellular and infection microbiology · 2026Article
- Comparative study of targeted next-generation sequencing and traditional pathogen detection methods in lower respiratory tract infections: impact on patient outcomes.Frontiers in microbiology · 2026Article
- Metagenomic Next-Generation Sequencing in Infectious Diseases: Clinical Applications, Translational Challenges, and Future Directions.Diagnostics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Review
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Abstract
backgroundAn increasing number of critically ill patients are immunocompromised. These patients are at high risk of intensive care unit (ICU) admission because of numerous complications. Acute respiratory failure due to severe community-acquired pneumonia (SCAP) is one of the leading causes of admission. Early targeted antibiotic therapy is crucial for improving the prognosis of these patients. Metagenomic next-generation sequencing (mNGS) in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) has shown significant value in pathogen detection in recent years. However, there are few studies on summarizing pathogen profiles of SCAP in immunocompromised patients.
methodsWe performed a multicenter retrospective analysis of patients with SCAP in the ICU diagnosed between May 2021 to October 2024. Bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF), blood, and sputum samples were collected and subjected to mNGS and conventional microbiological tests (CMTs). The pathogen profiles detected by the two methods were compared.
resultsIn our study, compared to CMTs, mNGS increased the detection rates of mixed infections in the immunocompromised group (58.82% vs 17.96%, P < 0.05) and immunocompetent group (44.58% vs 18.72%, P < 0.05), while also reducing the rate of no pathogen detected (4.90% vs 38.73%, P < 0.05; 8.37% vs 32.76%, P < 0.05). In both groups, the proportion of positive clinical impacts (diagnosis) resulting from mNGS results exceeded 90% (96.57% vs 93.84%), and the treatment effectiveness rate in the immunocompromised group was higher than in the immunocompetent group (65.69% vs 56.40%, P < 0.05). Further analysis showed that when mNGS-guided treatment was effective, the 28-day mortality rate significantly improved in both the immunocompromised group (31.34% vs 74.29%, P < 0.05) and the immunocompetent group (42.36% vs 40.68%, P < 0.05) compared to when the treatment was ineffective.
conclusionThis study indicates that ICU patients with SCAP, particularly those who are immunocompromised, are more likely to have polymicrobial infections. mNGS in BALF provides rapid and comprehensive pathogen profiling of pulmonary infections, thereby having a positive impact on both the diagnosis, treatment and prognosis of immunocompromised patients with SCAP.
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