Evidence map›Paper›PMID 40268787›Full record

SynthesisSocial psychiatry and psychiatric epidemiology2025

Comparison of the prevalence of probably postpartum depression before and during the covid-19 pandemic in Turkey: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Zekiye Karaçam, Pirozhan Ekin, Hilal Bal Şaraldı

Abstract readSystematic ReviewMeta-Analysis
In one paragraph

Synthesis in Social psychiatry and psychiatric epidemiology, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
1citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

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3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

1 citing paper in PubMed.

  1. Observational
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

3 authors.

Zekiye KaraçamFaculty of Health Sciences, Division of Midwifery, Aydın Adnan Menderes University, Aydın, Turkey. zkaracam@adu.edu.tr.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-0419-8961
Pirozhan EkinInstitute of Health Sciences, Division of Midwifery, Aydın Adnan Menderes University, Aydın, Turkey.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0001-9451-7921
Hilal Bal ŞaraldıInstitute of Health Sciences, Division of Midwifery, Aydın Adnan Menderes University, Aydın, Turkey.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0003-3204-1467

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

purposeTo determine the prevalence of probably postpartum depression and the effect of COVID-19 pandemic on the prevalence of probably postpartum depression based on the results of the studies in Turkey.

methodsSystematic review and meta-analysis of cross-sectional studies. The key words postpartum depression or postnatal depression and Turkey were searched in the electronic databases of PubMed, EbscoHost, OVID Journals, Science Direct, Web of Science, ULAKBIM Databases, DergiPARK, TR Dizin, YÖK-Natural Thesis Centre. The systematic review was performed by following PRISMA and COSMOS-E. Data were collected by using a data extraction tool developed by the researchers. The quality of the studies was evaluated by utilizing The Joanna Briggs Institute's Critical Appraisal Checklist for Analytical Cross Sectional Studies. Obtained data were synthesized with meta-analysis, narrative synthesis, subgroup analysis and meta-regression.

resultsThe total sample size of 34 studies included in this meta-analysis was 10 236. The cut-off score for the EPDS was considered as ≥ 13 in 30 studies and ≥ 12 in four studies. The pooled probably postpartum depression prevalence was 17.8% (95% CI: 0.153-0.206; 95% Prediction Interval: 0.070-0.383). It was found to be 16.3% before the pandemic (95% CI: 0.065-0.358; 95% Prediction Interval: 0.065-0.358) and increased to 20.2% during the pandemic (95% CI: 0.068-0.468; 95% Prediction Interval: 0.068-0.468), though the difference was not significant (Q = 1.77; df: 1; p = 0.184). The meta-regression analysis showed that the prevalence of probably postpartum depression did not change depending on the geographical region where the studies were performed, the time of data collection and the cut-off point of the EPDS. However, the studies reported many factors related to women, their infants and families that affected the prevalence of probably postpartum depression. OUTCOMES: This meta-analysis revealed that the prevalence of probably postpartum depression was very high, increased during the pandemic and was affected by many risk factors. It may be recommended that healthcare professionals take protective and improving measures for the mental health of women at high risk during the perinatal period and provide early diagnosis, treatment, monitoring and care services.

Indexed as

COVID-19Depression, PostpartumCross-Sectional StudiesFemaleHumansPandemicsPregnancyPrevalenceSARS-CoV-2TurkeyCOVID-19Meta-analysisMothersPrevalenceProbably postpartum depressionWomen’s health

Identifiers

PMID40268787
PMCPMC12449347

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.