ArticlePloS one2025
A phase division-based multi-segment foot model for estimating dynamic foot arch stiffness during walking.
Article in PloS one, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
1 citing paper in PubMed.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
5 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
The arch of the human foot plays a significant role in bearing weight and keeping gait balance. Previous studies mainly focus on the foot arch stiffness at the static or quasi-dynamic state of a particular foot shape. The variation of the linear arch stiffness across the entire walking gait has rarely been reported. This work presents a phase division-based multi-segment foot model that considers plantar aponeurosis's tension force for calculating the dynamics of the medial longitudinal arch. Kinematics and ground reaction forces of 10 healthy young adults during walking are recorded and analyzed. The stiffness changes of the foot arch throughout the stance phase are calculated. The experimental results show that the foot arch experiences a stiff-compliant-stiff-compliant transition during a single stance phase, including an extremely low stiffness during the plantar contact phase. By comparing the foot arch stiffness results with those from previous studies, the accuracy of the proposed model is indirectly validated. This study presents a new approach to explore the variation of the linear stiffness of the foot arch across the entire stance phase during walking. The proposed multi-segment foot model provides a new method for solving foot dynamics that can be used for wearable sensing and assistive design and applications.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.