Evidence map›Paper›PMID 40266981›Full record

ArticleVeterinary sciences2025

Assessment of the Nutritional Impact of the 10% Snack Recommendation in Pet Diets.

Leonardo de Andrade Príncipe, Pedro Henrique Marchi, Andressa Rodrigues Amaral, Vivian Pedrinelli, Rafael Vessecchi Amorim Zafalon, Felipe Saab Romano, Júlio Cesar de Carvalho Balieiro, Thiago Henrique Annibale Vendramini

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Veterinary sciences, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
0citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

8 authors.

Leonardo de Andrade PríncipePet Nutrology Research Center (CEPEN Pet), Department of Animal Nutrition and Production, School of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, University of Sao Paulo, Pirassununga 13635-000, Brazil.ORCID 0009-0007-7245-6962
Pedro Henrique MarchiPet Nutrology Research Center (CEPEN Pet), Department of Animal Nutrition and Production, School of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, University of Sao Paulo, Pirassununga 13635-000, Brazil.ORCID 0009-0005-0103-8785
Andressa Rodrigues AmaralVeterinary Nutrology Service, Teaching Veterinary Hospital, School of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, University of Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo 05508-270, Brazil.ORCID 0000-0002-3852-0525
Vivian PedrinelliVeterinary Nutrology Service, Teaching Veterinary Hospital, School of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, University of Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo 05508-270, Brazil.
Rafael Vessecchi Amorim ZafalonPet Nutrology Research Center (CEPEN Pet), Department of Animal Nutrition and Production, School of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, University of Sao Paulo, Pirassununga 13635-000, Brazil.
Felipe Saab RomanoFerogastro, Brazilian Association of Animal Gastroenterology (ABRAGA), Sao Paulo 04062-003, Brazil.ORCID 0000-0001-8792-5361
Júlio Cesar de Carvalho BalieiroPet Nutrology Research Center (CEPEN Pet), Department of Animal Nutrition and Production, School of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, University of Sao Paulo, Pirassununga 13635-000, Brazil.ORCID 0000-0003-0540-1850
Thiago Henrique Annibale VendraminiPet Nutrology Research Center (CEPEN Pet), Department of Animal Nutrition and Production, School of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, University of Sao Paulo, Pirassununga 13635-000, Brazil.ORCID 0000-0003-4457-8392

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

The World Small Animal Veterinary Association (WSAVA) and the American Animal Hospital Association (AAHA) recommend that treats make up no more than 10% of daily energy intake for dogs and cats. This study assessed whether replacing 10% of maintenance energy requirements with commercial treats affects the nutritional adequacy of diets. Labels from 226 dry extruded diets for adult dogs and 124 for adult cats in the Brazilian market were analyzed, along with 170 dog treats and 114 cat treats (dry, wet, or liquid). Maintenance energy requirement calculations followed FEDIAF (2024) guidelines. All diets for active and inactive dogs met protein and fat requirements after a 10% intake reduction and the inclusion of any type of snacks. Regarding protein intake, all diets met the minimum requirement for active cats. However, for inactive cats, some diets failed to provide enough crude protein after restriction (36.29% of diets with dry snacks, 16.12% with wet snacks, and 2.41% with liquid snacks). Concerning fat content, only 1.61% of diets failed to meet the minimum when liquid snacks were included. On the other hand, when considering the equation and the needs of inactive cats, 29.03% of diets with dry snacks, 28.22% with wet snacks, and 44.77% with liquid snacks did not meet the minimum. Reducing food intake to accommodate treats may not be ideal, depending on diet composition and treat selection, particularly for neutered and indoor cats.

Indexed as

caninefat imbalancefeeding practicesfelinemacronutrientsprotein imbalance

Identifiers

PMID40266981
PMCPMC11945345

What OpenQuestion holds

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.