ArticleVeterinary sciences2025
Lactobacillus Genus Complex Probiotic-Induced Changes on the Equine Clitoral Microbiome.
Article in Veterinary sciences, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Authors and funding
6 authors.
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Abstract
Dysbiosis of the lower reproductive tract (LRT) in mares may play a role in clinical diseases, including endometritis and placentitis. Metagenomic/metagenetic analysis of bacterial DNA can identify organisms that are not readily cultured and, thus, may go undetected. In this study, we tested the following hypotheses: (1) the clitoris of estrual mares harbors a unique resident microbiome, (2) topical Lactobacillus genus complex (LGC)-containing probiotic will alter the equine clitoral microbiome, and (3) early pregnancy rates following clitoral LGC application will not differ significantly from industry standards. Mares (n = 12) in estrus had sterile clitoral swabs collected (0) prior to daily topical LGC for 4 days. Second (12 h) and third clitoral swabs (48 h) were collected following final LGC application. During the next estrus, the mares were bred by artificial insemination. Genomic DNA was extracted and used for 16S rRNA sequencing via the Illumina Miseq platform. Abundance was evaluated via Friedman test with pairwise Dunn's post hoc comparisons. Statistical significance was set at
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