ArticleVaccines2025
Enhanced Immunogenicity of Chicken H9N2 Influenza Inactivated Vaccine Through a Novel Dual-Targeting Fusion Protein Strategy.
Article in Vaccines, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Who cites it
1 citing paper in PubMed.
- Vaccine Development for Influenza Virus.Vaccines · 2025Article
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Authors and funding
7 authors.
Funding
Abstract
BACKGROUND/
objectivesTargeted delivery of antigens to dendritic cells (DCs) is an effective strategy for enhancing vaccine efficacy.
methodsIn this study, dual-targeting fusion proteins (GRFT-VHH54 and GRFT-VHH74) were constructed by fusing Griffithsin (GRFT), an algae-derived lectin with enveloped virus-binding properties, to DC-specific binding nanobodies (VHH54 and VHH74). Vaccines were formulated by combining the inactivated H9N2 avian influenza virus with these fusion proteins, and the potential of the fusion proteins to enhance vaccine-induced immunity in chickens was systematically evaluated. For parallel comparison, control groups included H9N2 avian influenza vaccines containing the inactivated virus alone, the inactivated virus with the immune enhancer CVCVA5, and a commercial H9N2 avian influenza inactivated vaccine.
resultsAt 4 weeks post-immunization, chickens vaccinated with the inactivated H9N2 virus combined with the GRFT-VHH74 fusion protein (1/2 H9+GRFT-VHH74) exhibited significantly enhanced humoral, mucosal, and cellular immune responses compared to those vaccinated with the inactivated H9N2 virus alone or the commercial H9N2 vaccine (
conclusionsThese results indicate that the GRFT-VHH74 fusion protein has significant potential for advancing the development of inactivated vaccines against the H9N2 subtype avian influenza. Furthermore, it provides valuable insights for enhancing the immunogenicity and efficacy of inactivated vaccines targeting other avian influenza subtypes.
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