ArticleVaccines2025
A Hidden Guardian: The Stability and Spectrum of Antibody-Dependent Cell-Mediated Cytotoxicity in COVID-19 Response in Chinese Adults.
Article in Vaccines, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 3 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
3 citing papers in PubMed.
- Dual Antiviral Functions of Antibodies Targeting African Swine Fever Virus p17 Protein: Viral Inhibition and ADCC Induction.Viruses · 2026Article
- Antibody engineering for SFTS treatment: frontier progress and translational challenges.Frontiers in microbiology · 2026Review
- Antibody-Dependent Cellular Cytotoxicity Elicited by the Antibodies Against the E120R Protein of African Swine Fever Virus.Vaccines · 2025Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
15 authors.
Funding
Abstract
objectivesIdentifying immune-protective biomarkers is crucial for the effective management and mitigation of current and future COVID-19 outbreaks, particularly in preventing or counteracting the immune evasion exhibited by the Omicron variants. The emergence of SARS-CoV-2 variants, especially those within the Omicron lineage, has highlighted their capacity to evade neutralizing antibodies, emphasizing the need to understand the role of antibody-dependent cell-mediated cytotoxicity (ADCC) in combating these infections.
methodsThis study, conducted in Qichun City, Hubei province, from December 2021 to March 2023, involved 50 healthy Chinese adults who had received two doses of inactivated vaccines and had subsequently experienced mild infections with the Omicron BA.5 variant. Blood samples from these 50 healthy Chinese adults were collected at six distinct time points: at baseline and at the 1st, 3rd, 6th, and 9th months following the third dose of the inactivated vaccine, as well as 3 months post-breakthrough infection. Their sera were analyzed to assess ADCC and neutralization effects.
resultsThe results indicated that the antibodies elicited by the inactivated SARS-CoV-2 vaccine targeted the spike protein, exhibiting both pre-existing neutralizing and ADCC activities against Omicron variants BA.5 and XBB.1.5. Notably, the ADCC activity demonstrated greater stability compared to that of the neutralizing effects, persisting for at least 15 months post-vaccination, and could be augmented by additional vaccine doses and breakthrough infections. The ADCC effect associated with hybrid immunity effectively targets a spectrum of prospective Omicron variants, including BA.2.86, CH.1.1, EG.5.1, and JN.1.
conclusionsIn light of its stability and broad-spectrum efficacy, we recommend the use of the ADCC effect as a biomarker for assessing protective immunity and guiding the development of vaccines and monoclonal antibodies.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.