Evidence map›Paper›PMID 40265888›Full record

ArticleJournal of virology2025

Dual roles of influenza B virus neuraminidase mRNA vaccine in enhancing cross-lineage protection by supplementing inactivated split vaccination.

Chau Thuy Tien Le, Ki-Hye Kim, Jannatul Ruhan Raha, Noopur Bhatnagar, Surya Sekhar Pal, Phillip Grovenstein, Mahmuda Yeasmin, Rong Liu, Bao-Zhong Wang, Sang-Moo Kang

Abstract read
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in Journal of virology, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 2 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
2citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

2 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Review
  2. Review
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

10 authors.

Chau Thuy Tien LeCenter for Inflammation, Immunity and Infection, Institute for Biomedical Sciences, Georgia State University, Atlanta, Georgia, USA.
Ki-Hye KimCenter for Inflammation, Immunity and Infection, Institute for Biomedical Sciences, Georgia State University, Atlanta, Georgia, USA.
Jannatul Ruhan RahaCenter for Inflammation, Immunity and Infection, Institute for Biomedical Sciences, Georgia State University, Atlanta, Georgia, USA.
Noopur BhatnagarCenter for Inflammation, Immunity and Infection, Institute for Biomedical Sciences, Georgia State University, Atlanta, Georgia, USA.
Surya Sekhar PalCenter for Inflammation, Immunity and Infection, Institute for Biomedical Sciences, Georgia State University, Atlanta, Georgia, USA.
Phillip GrovensteinCenter for Inflammation, Immunity and Infection, Institute for Biomedical Sciences, Georgia State University, Atlanta, Georgia, USA.
Mahmuda YeasminCenter for Inflammation, Immunity and Infection, Institute for Biomedical Sciences, Georgia State University, Atlanta, Georgia, USA.
Rong LiuCenter for Inflammation, Immunity and Infection, Institute for Biomedical Sciences, Georgia State University, Atlanta, Georgia, USA.
Bao-Zhong WangCenter for Inflammation, Immunity and Infection, Institute for Biomedical Sciences, Georgia State University, Atlanta, Georgia, USA.ORCID 0000-0002-1561-4318
Sang-Moo KangCenter for Inflammation, Immunity and Infection, Institute for Biomedical Sciences, Georgia State University, Atlanta, Georgia, USA.ORCID 0000-0001-6198-331X

Funding

Seasonal and universal Vaccination in aged populations with pre-existing immunityR01AI154656 · NIAID · GEORGIA STATE UNIVERSITY · PI KANG, SANG-MOO · 2021 to 2025
$2.7M
NIAID NIH HHS R01 AI154656
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

The current influenza vaccine is based on immunity to hemagglutinin (HA) and provides poor cross-protection. Here, we generated mRNA vaccine encoding influenza B virus (IBV) neuraminidase (NA) conjugated to influenza A virus M2 ectodomain (M2e), encapsulated in lipid nanoparticles (LNP), capable of inducing cross-lineage IBV protection in a dose-dependent pattern. The combination of low-dose NA mRNA and inactivated split IBV vaccines was found to induce significantly higher levels of cross-reactive IgG responses, NA and HA inhibition titers, effector and memory cellular immune responses as well as cross-lineage protection than either NA mRNA or split vaccine alone. This study suggests that the NA mRNA vaccine not only provides cross-lineage protection with a high dose but also enhances the cross-protective efficacy of the combined low-dose NA mRNA and split vaccines. Our findings support a new strategy of using mRNA LNP-supplemented conventional vaccination to enhance cross-protection.IMPORTANCEThis study highlights a significant advancement in influenza vaccination strategies. To test a new vaccination strategy, we developed an influenza B virus (IBV) neuraminidase (NA) mRNA vaccine which could provide cross-lineage protection at a high dose. More importantly, the co-administration of NA mRNA and split IBV vaccine at low doses was found to significantly enhance the hemagglutinin and NA immunity as well as cross-lineage protection of seasonal IBV vaccines. This proof-of-concept study provides evidence for a novel strategy to enhance the immunogenicity and cross-protective efficacy of conventional vaccines by supplementing with new targets of mRNA vaccines.

Indexed as

Cross ProtectionInfluenza B virusInfluenza VaccinesNeuraminidaseOrthomyxoviridae InfectionsViral ProteinsAnimalsAntibodies, ViralCross ReactionsFemaleHumansInfluenza, HumanMiceMice, Inbred BALB CmRNA VaccinesRNA, MessengerAntibodies, ViralInfluenza VaccinesmRNA VaccinesNA protein, influenza B virusNeuraminidaseRNA, MessengerVaccines, InactivatedVaccines, SyntheticViral Matrix ProteinsViral Proteinscross-protectioninfluenza virusNA mRNA-LNPsplit IBV vaccines

Identifiers

PMID40265888
PMCPMC12090766

What OpenQuestion holds

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LicenceCC BY
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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.