Evidence map›Paper›PMID 40265787›Full record

ReviewPlants (Basel, Switzerland)2025

Saponins, the Unexplored Secondary Metabolites in Plant Defense: Opportunities in Integrated Pest Management.

Adnan Shakeel, Jewel Jameeta Noor, Uzma Jan, Aabida Gul, Zafar Handoo, Nasheeman Ashraf

Abstract readReview
In one paragraph

Review in Plants (Basel, Switzerland), 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 15 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
15citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

15 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Review
  2. Article
  3. Article
  4. Review
  5. Article
  6. Review
  7. Article
  8. Review
  9. Article
  10. Review
  11. Article
  12. In Vitro Evaluation of the Antifungal Activity ofPlants (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025
    Article
  13. Review
  14. Secondary Metabolites in Plants.Plants (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025
    Article
  15. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

6 authors.

Adnan ShakeelPlant Biotechnology and Molecular Biology Division, CSIR-Indian Institute of Integrative Medicine, Br. Sanat Nagar, Srinagar 190005, Jammu and Kashmir, India.ORCID 0000-0002-7102-2325
Jewel Jameeta NoorPlant Biotechnology and Molecular Biology Division, CSIR-Indian Institute of Integrative Medicine, Br. Sanat Nagar, Srinagar 190005, Jammu and Kashmir, India.ORCID 0000-0002-5971-8004
Uzma JanPlant Biotechnology and Molecular Biology Division, CSIR-Indian Institute of Integrative Medicine, Br. Sanat Nagar, Srinagar 190005, Jammu and Kashmir, India.
Aabida GulPlant Biotechnology and Molecular Biology Division, CSIR-Indian Institute of Integrative Medicine, Br. Sanat Nagar, Srinagar 190005, Jammu and Kashmir, India.
Zafar HandooMycology and Nematology Genetic Diversity and Biology Laboratory, USDA, ARS, Northeast Area, 10300 Baltimore Avenue, Beltsville, MD 20705, USA.ORCID 0000-0001-5714-5663
Nasheeman AshrafPlant Biotechnology and Molecular Biology Division, CSIR-Indian Institute of Integrative Medicine, Br. Sanat Nagar, Srinagar 190005, Jammu and Kashmir, India.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Plants are exposed to a diverse range of biotic stressors, including fungi, bacteria, nematodes, insects and viruses. To combat these enemies, plants have developed an arsenal of defense mechanisms over time, among which secondary metabolites are the most effective. Moreover, to overcome the negative impact of chemical pesticides, the plant's secondary metabolites can be harnessed to develop novel disease management strategies. Alkaloids, flavonoids, terpenes and essential oils are major pathogen/pest-responsive secondary metabolite classes in plants. Among these, saponins have shown significant potential in suppressing a wide range of plant pathogens. However, they are yet to be explored thoroughly compared to other secondary metabolites in plant defense, and therefore, a low number of disease control agents exist in agri-markets based on saponins. Thus, this review aims to rectify this bias by identifying and acknowledging the significance of saponins as being on par with other classes of secondary metabolites in plant defense systems. It also provides the first holistic review on the role of saponins with known mechanisms against all of the major plant pathogens/pests. Furthermore, this review discusses the potential of saponin-rich crops in providing eco-friendly pest/pathogen management products for integrated pest management (IPM) and prospectives on the potential of saponin derivatives in developing novel biocides for sustainable agriculture.

Indexed as

biotic stressintegrated pest managementsaponinssecondary metabolites

Identifiers

PMID40265787
PMCPMC11944338

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.