Evidence map›Paper›PMID 40265345›Full record

Trial reportEuropean journal of endocrinology2025

Thyroid axis adaptations to moderate short-term energy restriction in healthy, young women.

Skand Shekhar, Joselyne Tessa Tonleu, Chinelo C Okigbo, Helen Leka, Anne E Kim, Bona P Purse, Katie R Hirsch, Brian R Stolze, John A McGrath, Abbie E Smith-Ryan and 2 more

Registry-linked trialAbstract readClinical Trial
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Trial report in European journal of endocrinology, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to trial NCT02858336 (CaREFREE Study), which is not on this map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
0citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

NCT02858336 nacompletednot on this map

CaREFREE Study (Calorie Restriction, Environment and Fitness: Reproductive Effects Evaluation Study)

TypeinterventionalSponsorNational Institute of Environmental Health Sciences (NIEHS)Ran2017 to 2019Enrolled38ConditionsHormonesArmsNEA, DEA
3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

12 authors.

Skand ShekharClinical Research Branch, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, National Institutes of Health, Research Triangle Park, NC 27709, United States.ORCID 0000-0001-9287-6664
Joselyne Tessa TonleuClinical Research Branch, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, National Institutes of Health, Research Triangle Park, NC 27709, United States.
Chinelo C OkigboClinical Research Branch, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, National Institutes of Health, Research Triangle Park, NC 27709, United States.
Helen LekaClinical Research Branch, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, National Institutes of Health, Research Triangle Park, NC 27709, United States.
Anne E KimClinical Research Branch, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, National Institutes of Health, Research Triangle Park, NC 27709, United States.
Bona P PurseClinical Research Branch, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, National Institutes of Health, Research Triangle Park, NC 27709, United States.
Katie R HirschDepartment of Exercise Science, Arnold School of Public Health, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC 29208, United States.
Brian R StolzeDepartment of Laboratory Medicine, Clinical Center, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, United States.
John A McGrathClinical Research Branch, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, National Institutes of Health, Research Triangle Park, NC 27709, United States.
Abbie E Smith-RyanDepartment of Exercise and Sport Science, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, United States.
Steven J SoldinDepartment of Laboratory Medicine, Clinical Center, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, United States.
Janet E HallClinical Research Branch, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, National Institutes of Health, Research Triangle Park, NC 27709, United States.

Funding

NIEHS NIH HHSNIH HHS
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

objectiveShort-term dieting has gained popularity in women. We studied thyroid hormone change after short-term, moderate energy restriction.

methodsNineteen, healthy women aged 23.36 ± 2.08 yr (mean ± SD) without obesity and thyroidal disease underwent a neutral (NEA, ±0%) and a deficient (DEA, -55%) diet for 5 days each in the early follicular phases of successive menstrual cycles. Blood was sampled every 10 min between 8 AM and 4 PM and analyzed for TSH, GH, and cortisol every 30 min, total T3 (TT3), reverse T3 (rT3), and total T4 (TT4) hourly and free T3 (fT3), free T4 (fT4), and TBG at the beginning and end of the studies. Liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LCMS) assessed all thyroid hormones except TSH and TBG. Data shown as mean difference or least squared (ls) mean (±SEM).

resultsThere was a small decrease in body mass index and body weight after DEA (0.4 ± 0.08 kg/m2; P < .001 and 1.1 ± 0.21 kg; P < .001, respectively), with unchanged fat mass. Compared to NEA, TT3 (ls mean ± SEM; 95.55 ± 2.89 ng/dL vs. 89.15 ± 2.89; P < .0001), and TSH (1.03 ± 0.07 vs. 0.92 ± 0.07 μIU/mL; P < .0001) declined while TT4 (6.06 ± 0.25 vs. 6.26 ± 0.25 μg/dL; P = .005), fT4 (1.71 ± 0.07 vs. 1.83 ± 0.07 ng/dL; P = .0052) and rT3 (9.02 ± 0.56 vs. 12.04 ± 0.56 ng/dL; P < .0001) increased after DEA with no change in TBG, GH and cortisol.

conclusionAdaptive central and peripheral changes in thyroid hormones occur after short-term, moderate dieting in young women without obesity. CLINICALTRIALS.GOV: NCT02858336.

Indexed as

Adaptation, PhysiologicalCaloric RestrictionThyroid GlandThyroid HormonesAdultBody Mass IndexFemaleHumansHydrocortisoneThyrotropinThyroxineTriiodothyronineYoung AdultHydrocortisoneThyroid HormonesThyrotropinThyroxineTriiodothyroninecaloric restrictiondietingenergy restrictionhypothalamic pituitary thyroid axismass spectrometrythyroid

Identifiers

PMID40265345
PMCPMC12062748

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Registered trials

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.