ArticleFrontiers in public health2025
Research on risk factors of human stampede in mass gathering activities considering organizational patterns.
Article in Frontiers in public health, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 3 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
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Who cites it
3 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.
- Preventive Measures and Crowd Management Strategies to Mitigate the Risk of Stampedes in Public Gatherings: A Systematic Review.Public health reviews · 2026Pooled it
- Recreational landscape perception and pro-environmental behavior: the mediating roles of place identity and pro-environmental behavioral spillover.Frontiers in psychology · 2025Article
- Anomaly detection and early risk identification in digital disaster response-based on deep learning in public health.Frontiers in public health · 2025Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
6 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Introduction: Mass gathering activities are often accompanied by safety risks especially overcrowding, since the characteristics of risk factors may differ under various organizational patterns. However, this issue has not been sufficiently studied, which could lead to cognitive biases in understanding the risks associated with various mass gathering activities, thereby affecting the effectiveness of preventive measures. Methods: This study investigates the risk factors of human stampede in mass gathering activities, with a particular focus on analyzing the influence of different organizational patterns on these risks and their implications for safety management. By combining Grounded Theory and Iterative Self-Organizing Clustering Algorithm (ISODATA), 209 overcrowding cases were coded to create a dataset containing risk factors. Result: The organization coefficient was proposed to characterize the degree of risk in different clusters, and the clustering results revealed three types of organizational patterns including organized( Discussion: The results indicate significant differences between the three organizational patterns in terms of aggregation causes, layout characteristics, and risk levels, which directly impacts the safety of mass gathering activities. Furthermore, similarities are observed in terms of triggering behaviors, knowledge, awareness, and management across the four categories. This study provides theoretical evidence for risk prevention and safety management of human stampede in mass gathering.
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