ReviewSports medicine and health science2025
Beyond physical exhaustion: Understanding overtraining syndrome through the lens of molecular mechanisms and clinical manifestation.
Review in Sports medicine and health science, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 19 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
19 citing papers in PubMed.
- Trial
- Development of an individualized prediction model for dynamic adaptations in performance and immune function associated with dietary patterns in endurance athletes using machine learning.Journal of the International Society of Sports Nutrition · 2026Observational
- International Society of Sports Nutrition position stand: effects of dietary antioxidants on exercise and sports performance.Journal of the International Society of Sports Nutrition · 2026Review
- Sperm DNA fragmentation and its influence on mammalian reproduction.Nature reviews. Urology · 2026Review
- Human biomarker navigator.iMeta · 2026Review
- Exploring the role of CaMKII in exercise-induced cardioprotection.Human cell · 2026Review
- Review
- Pulse Rate Variability Is Not the Same as Heart Rate Variability: Implications for Sports Performance and Injury Prevention.Sports medicine - open · 2026Article
- Probiotics and the Gut Microbiome in Combat Sports: A Narrative Review of Performance, Recovery, and Health Pathways.Probiotics and antimicrobial proteins · 2026Review
- Skeletal Muscle Redox Signaling in Health and Disease: From Molecular Mechanisms to Therapeutic Exercise Strategies.Antioxidants (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Review
- Revision of Energy Metabolism Adaptations in High-Level Athletes: From Physical Performance Enhancement to Potential Therapeutic Targets in Mental Disorders.Current issues in molecular biology · 2026Review
- Relationships between vigorous physical activity and psychological complaints in adolescents: findings from 240,951 participants.BMC public health · 2026Article
- [Research on a muscle fatigue quantification based on an improved critical power model].Sheng wu yi xue gong cheng xue za zhi = Journal of biomedical engineering = Shengwu yixue gongchengxue zazhi · 2026Article
- Molecular Biomarkers of Training Responses: A Systems Framework for Exercise Adaptation and Athlete Monitoring.International journal of molecular sciences · 2026Review
- Physical Activity, Metabolic Risk and the Primary Allostatic Load Mediators: An Explorative Study.Sports (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Article
- Review
- Sleep tight, play right: practical insights into sleep for soccer players.Frontiers in sports and active living · 2026Review
- Article
- Special Issue "Understanding Sports-Related Health Issues, 2nd Edition".Journal of functional morphology and kinesiology · 2025Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
5 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Background: Overtraining Syndrome (OTS) is a condition resulting from excessive physical activity without adequate recovery, predominantly affecting elite athletes and military personnel. While overreaching can be a temporary state, non-functional overreaching may progress to chronic OTS. This review explores various hypotheses regarding the pathogenesis of OTS, including glycogen depletion, dysregulated cytokine response, oxidative stress, and alterations in the autonomic nervous system function. It also highlights the systemic impact of OTS on multiple organ systems, immune function, and overall health, linking the condition to chronic inflammation and an increased disease susceptibility. Additionally, it addresses the role of the gut microbiome in health modulation through physical activity. Methods: This narrative review was conducted through a structured search of peer-reviewed journal articles in databases such as PubMed, Web of Science, and Google Scholar, focusing on studies involving human participants and published in English. Results: OTS has systemic effects on multiple organ systems, immune function, and overall health, leading to chronic inflammation and increased disease susceptibility. Athletes with OTS exhibit higher morbidity rates, influenced by factors such as sleep deprivation and stress. The review also emphasizes the role of the gut microbiome as a significant modulator of health through physical activity. Conclusion: Balanced training and recovery are crucial for preventing OTS and maintaining optimal health and quality of life in physically active individuals. Understanding the complex pathophysiology of OTS is essential for developing effective prevention and treatment strategies.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.