ArticleCureus2025
Septic Arthritis of the Elbow: A 10-Year Retrospective Clinical and Microbiological Review From a Single Center.
Article in Cureus, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Authors and funding
9 authors.
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No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Introduction In industrialized nations, the incidence of septic arthritis (SA) varies depending on geographic region, socioeconomic status, and age group. The condition is more frequently observed in male individuals, the elderly, and children. Additionally, its prevalence may have increased due to a rise in orthopaedic procedures, an aging population, and higher rates of immunosuppression. Hence, understanding the evolving clinical and epidemiological patterns of SA is crucial, along with identifying the common microbiological causes and pathogens involved. Material (patients) and methods A retrospective examination of the case series analysis was conducted. Patients underwent treatment at the Poole General Hospital, specializing in acute orthopaedic cases. Data collection lasted six months, from January 2021 to July 2021. During this time, every individual with a suspicion of primary SA of the elbow joint underwent aspiration. Exclusion criteria included any previous elbow joint surgery, a diagnosis of fungal or tuberculous arthritis, and duration of symptoms >6 months. Means and standard deviations were displayed for the continuous variables. Continuous data were summarized using averages and standard deviations, whilst categorical data was provided as absolute numbers with their corresponding percentages. Results A total of 241 patients were included in the study, comprising 200 (83%) male patients and 41 (17%) female patients, with a mean age of 67.47 ± 18.23 years. The most common symptom was pain (81.7%), while fever (>37.8°C) was observed in 3.7% of cases. The mean white blood cell (WBC) count was 11.85 ± 7.2, and C-reactive protein (CRP) levels averaged 103.45 ± 102. Leukocytosis was noted in 48.5% of cases. Comorbidities included hypertension (25.3%), diabetes (12.0%), and immunosuppression (34.0%). Gram stain identified bacteria in 10% of cases, while microbial cultures were positive in 27.1%, with
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