Evidence map›Paper›PMID 40264178›Full record

ArticleBMC psychology2025

Assessment of chronic procrastination in Saudi Arabia: a cross-sectional study.

Salahuddin Khan, Meshal Alzakari, Renad Alsuhaibani, Abdulrahman Alkanhal, Amjad Alghanmi, Alanoud Alabdulkarim, Amra Salahuddin, Arwa Huda, Muhammad Umer Abdul Moiz, Faisal Alzkari

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in BMC psychology, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 3 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
3citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

3 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Article
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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

10 authors.

Salahuddin KhanDepartment of Biochemistry, College of Medicine, Imam Mohammad Ibn Saud Islamic University (IMSIU), Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7466-5633
Meshal AlzakariCollege of Medicine, Imam Mohammad Ibn Saud Islamic University (IMSIU), Riyadh, Saudi Arabia. docmeshal@gmail.com.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4530-4708
Renad AlsuhaibaniCollege of Medicine, Imam Mohammad Ibn Saud Islamic University (IMSIU), Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.ORCID http://orcid.org/0009-0007-5734-2465
Abdulrahman AlkanhalCollege of Medicine, Imam Mohammad Ibn Saud Islamic University (IMSIU), Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.ORCID http://orcid.org/0009-0006-7126-0370
Amjad AlghanmiCollege of Medicine, Imam Mohammad Ibn Saud Islamic University (IMSIU), Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.ORCID https://orcid.org/0009-0004-2823-4690
Alanoud AlabdulkarimCollege of Medicine, Imam Mohammad Ibn Saud Islamic University (IMSIU), Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.ORCID https://orcid.org/0009-0002-6287-6596
Amra SalahuddinJinnah Postgraduate Medical Center, Karachi, Pakistan.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7263-2064
Arwa HudaJinnah Medical and Dental College, Karachi, Pakistan.ORCID https://orcid.org/0009-0006-1200-6954
Muhammad Umer Abdul MoizJinnah Medical and Dental College, Karachi, Pakistan.ORCID https://orcid.org/0009-0004-8676-1798
Faisal AlzkariCollege of Medicine, Imam Mohammad Ibn Saud Islamic University (IMSIU), Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.ORCID https://orcid.org/0009-0007-7815-5618

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundProcrastination, defined as the voluntary delay of intended actions, affects personal and academic tasks and is linked to decreased quality of life and well-being. This study evaluates the prevalence, causes, and effects of chronic procrastination among adults in Saudi Arabia, with a focus on demographic associations, psychological impacts, and coping strategies.

objectiveTo determine the prevalence of chronic procrastination among adults in Saudi Arabia, identify its demographic and psychological predictors, and evaluate its effects on personal well-being, academic performance, and daily functioning.

methodsA cross-sectional study was conducted among 1,093 participants, aged 18-55 years, residing in Saudi Arabia. Data were collected through a self-administered online survey covering demographics, procrastination behaviors, and coping strategies. Statistical analysis, including chi-square and exact probability tests, identified associations between procrastination frequency and demographic factors.

resultsOf the participants, approximately 70% reported frequent procrastination, with academic tasks (56.6%) and household chores (13.9%) being the most delayed activities. Common reasons for procrastination included poor time management (76.2%), boredom (59.7%), and lack of motivation (57.3%). Over 65% experienced health impacts, such as sleep problems and stress. Procrastination significantly affected both personal life (55.1%) and work/studies (70%). Time management, task division, and deadline-setting were the most utilized strategies, though effectiveness varied.

conclusionThe study indicates a high prevalence of procrastination among young adults, particularly students, with detrimental impacts on personal and academic functioning. Training programs focused on time management and prioritization could help reduce procrastination. CATEGORIES: Psychology, Behavioral science, Time management, Well-being.

Indexed as

Adaptation, PsychologicalProcrastinationAcademic PerformanceAdolescentAdultCross-Sectional StudiesFemaleHumansMaleMiddle AgedMotivationPrevalenceQuality of LifeSaudi ArabiaYoung AdultMental healthPrevalenceProcrastinationStress

Identifiers

PMID40264178
PMCPMC12016231

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.