ArticleNature plants2025
Transport of phenoxyacetic acid herbicides by PIN-FORMED auxin transporters.
Article in Nature plants, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 6 papers.
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Who cites it
6 citing papers in PubMed.
- Synthesis and Auxin-like Activity of Halogenated Alkylphenoxyacetic Acids.International journal of molecular sciences · 2026Article
- Tailored for swift recognition: A structural perspective on secondary active plant hormone transporters.The Plant journal : for cell and molecular biology · 2026Review
- Preparation of Plasma Membrane Vesicles, Lysosomes, Proteoliposomes and Alternative Sample Types for SSM-Based Electrophysiology.Methods in molecular biology (Clifton, N.J.) · 2026Article
- Synthetic Auxins Toxicity: Effects on Growth and Fatty Acid Composition in Etiolated and Green Spring Wheat Seedlings.Molecules (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Article
- A deletion upstream of the degron of AcIAA27 leads to auxinic herbicide resistance in Arctotheca calendula.Pest management science · 2025Article
- Structures and mechanism of the AUX/LAX transporters involved in auxin import.Nature plants · 2025Article
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Abstract
Auxins are a group of phytohormones that control plant growth and development. Their crucial role in plant physiology has inspired development of potent synthetic auxins that can be used as herbicides. Phenoxyacetic acid derivatives are a widely used group of auxin herbicides in agriculture and research. Despite their prevalence, the identity of the transporters required for distribution of these herbicides in plants is both poorly understood and the subject of controversial debate. Here we show that PIN-FORMED auxin transporters transport a range of phenoxyacetic acid herbicides across the membrane. We go on to characterize the molecular determinants of substrate specificity using a variety of different substrates as well as protein mutagenesis to probe the binding site. Finally, we present cryogenic electron microscopy structures of Arabidopsis thaliana PIN8 bound to either 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid or 4-chlorophenoxyacetic acid. These structures represent five key states from the transport cycle, allowing us to describe conformational changes associated with the transport cycle. Overall, our results reveal that phenoxyacetic acid herbicides use the same export machinery as endogenous auxins and exemplify how transporter binding sites undergo transformations that dictate substrate specificity. These results provide a foundation for future development of novel synthetic auxins and for precision breeding of herbicide-resistant crop plants.
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