Evidence map›Paper›PMID 40263529›Full record

ArticleScientific reports2025

Antimicrobial resistance and etiological dynamics affected by tropical climate variability on year-round diagnosis of upper respiratory infections in companion rabbits with snuffles.

Peerawit Chongrattanameteekul, Natpasit Rattanaworapanit, Kanruethai Wongsawan, Phongsakorn Chuammitri, Thosaporn Anuntakulnatee, Suriwan Veerathong, Raktham Mektrirat

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Scientific reports, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 4 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
4citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

4 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Review
  2. Study on the Pathogenic Mechanism ofPathogens (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026
    Review
  3. Multidrug-ResistantAntibiotics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025
    Article
  4. Pathogenicity and Genomic Characterization ofTransboundary and emerging diseases · 2025
    Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

7 authors.

Peerawit ChongrattanameteekulVeterinary Academic Office, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand.
Natpasit RattanaworapanitVeterinary Academic Office, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand.
Kanruethai WongsawanVeterinary Academic Office, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand.
Phongsakorn ChuammitriVeterinary Academic Office, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand.
Thosaporn AnuntakulnateePet Castle Animal Hospital, Referral Veterinary Hospital, Nonthaburi, Thailand.
Suriwan VeerathongPet Castle Animal Hospital, Referral Veterinary Hospital, Nonthaburi, Thailand.
Raktham MektriratVeterinary Academic Office, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand. raktham.m@cmu.ac.th.

Funding

Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Chiang Mai University R66IN00669
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Upper respiratory infections (URIs) in rabbits are of significant concern, presenting diagnostic challenges and necessitating targeted antimicrobial stewardship. This study aimed to evaluate the etiological bacteria causing URIs in rabbits and their antimicrobial resistance (AMR) in Thailand during 2022, while exploring potential correlations between tropical meteorological factors and URI occurrence. For year-round diagnosis, seventy-eight companion rabbits with snuffles were confirmed infection based on bacterial culture. Antimicrobial susceptibility was tested using the Kirby-Bauer disk diffusion method according to Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute guidelines. Meteorological data were obtained from the Meteorological Department of Thailand, Ministry of Digital Economy and Society and used for analyzing the climate influences. The results showed that highest URI occurrence could be found during the rainy season (46.15%, 95% CI 35.53-57.14%), with a significant correlation between URI occurrence and precipitation (r = 0.66, p = 0.02). Gram-negative bacteria were the predominant pathogens (67.95%, 95% CI 56.96-77.25%), particularly Pseudomonas spp., Acinetobacter spp., Enterobacter spp., and Pasteurella multocida. Consequently, AMR profiles revealed high resistance to penicillin and co-trimoxazole, with multidrug resistance common among major bacterial groups. These findings highlight the influence of tropical climate on URI occurrence and the growing AMR challenge in companion rabbits, underscoring the need for region-specific monitoring and antimicrobial stewardship.

Indexed as

Drug Resistance, BacterialRespiratory Tract InfectionsTropical ClimateAnimalsAnti-Bacterial AgentsMicrobial Sensitivity TestsPetsRabbitsSeasonsThailandAnti-Bacterial Agents

Identifiers

PMID40263529
PMCPMC12015329

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LicenceCC BY-NC-ND
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Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.