ArticleNature communications2025
Boosting hydrogel conductivity via water-dispersible conducting polymers for injectable bioelectronics.
Article in Nature communications, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. An erratum has been issued. Cited by 27 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
27 citing papers in PubMed.
- Multimodal smart suture for dynamic postoperative wound monitoring.Bioactive materials · 2026Article
- Tailored construction and functional applications of conductive hydrogels for bioelectronic interfaces.Discover nano · 2026Review
- Self-Assembled Living Microreactors for Selective Microcystin Removal via Cascade Sieving, Adsorption and Biodegradation.Small (Weinheim an der Bergstrasse, Germany) · 2026Article
- Bio-Inspired Adhesive Hydrogels for Localized Therapeutic Delivery: From Catechol Chemistry to Smart Biointerfaces.Biomimetics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Review
- Immuno-engineered conductive hydrogels: Bridging neural signaling and microenvironmental remodeling for neural repair.Materials today. Bio · 2026Article
- Electroactive Nanomaterials in Tissue Engineering: Advances, Mechanisms and Future Perspectives.Advanced healthcare materials · 2026Review
- Conductive Hydrogels for Exogenous Sensing and Cell Fate Control.Advanced materials (Deerfield Beach, Fla.) · 2026Article
- Highly conductive and ultrarobust elastic conductors for stretchable electronics.Science advances · 2026Article
- Gelatin-Based Multifunctional Hydrogels for Sports Injury Repair: Musculoskeletal and Nervous System Perspectives.Gels (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Review
- 3D-Printed Piezoionic/Bioelectronic Hydrogel for Electro-Metabolic Regulation of Osteogenic Differentiation.Advanced healthcare materials · 2026Article
- Ultrasound-activated piezoelectric Bi@Bi-MOF enables STING-mediated immunotherapy for implant-associated infections.Journal of nanobiotechnology · 2026Article
- Controlling thermoreversibility and hole conductivity in thermoresponsive ionic biogels using phase morphology for neurohaptics.Science advances · 2026Article
- Mapping the evolving landscape of conductive hydrogels in medicine: A bibliometric perspective.Regenerative therapy · 2026Article
- Ionic-Bionic Interfaces: Advancing Iontronic Strategies for Bioelectronic Sensing and Therapy.Advanced science (Weinheim, Baden-Wurttemberg, Germany) · 2026Review
- Electronic Skins for Advanced Wound Healing: Biomimetic Thermoregulation and Bioelectrically Active Systems.Polymers · 2026Review
- Bioinspired Structural Design Enables Synergistic Toughness and Conductivity in Hydrogels for Advanced Wearable Electronics.Nano-micro letters · 2026Article
- Materials and System Design for Self-Decision Bioelectronic Systems.Advanced materials (Deerfield Beach, Fla.) · 2026Review
- Multiscale Engineering of Ion-Conducting Gels for Sustainable Bioelectronic Systems.Small methods · 2026Review
- Wearable Sensors Fabricated by 3D-Printed Composite Hydrogel with 2D Fillers.Small methods · 2026Review
- Conducting Polymers for Electrochemical Sensing: From Materials and Metrology to Intelligent and Sustainable Biointerfaces.Sensors (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Review
Corrections and comments
- Erratum issued
Authors and funding
20 authors.
Funding
Abstract
Bioelectronic devices hold transformative potential for healthcare diagnostics and therapeutics. Yet, traditional electronic implants often require invasive surgeries and are mechanically incompatible with biological tissues. Injectable hydrogel bioelectronics offer a minimally invasive alternative that interfaces with soft tissue seamlessly. A major challenge is the low conductivity of bioelectronic systems, stemming from poor dispersibility of conductive additives in hydrogel mixtures. We address this issue by engineering doping conditions with hydrophilic biomacromolecules, enhancing the dispersibility of conductive polymers in aqueous systems. This approach achieves a 5-fold increase in dispersibility and a 20-fold boost in conductivity compared to conventional methods. The resulting conductive polymers are molecularly and in vivo degradable, making them suitable for transient bioelectronics applications. These additives are compatible with various hydrogel systems, such as alginate, forming ionically cross-linkable conductive inks for 3D-printed wearable electronics toward high-performance physiological monitoring. Furthermore, integrating conductive fillers with gelatin-based bioadhesive hydrogels substantially enhances conductivity for injectable sealants, achieving 250% greater sensitivity in pH sensing for chronic wound monitoring. Our findings indicate that hydrophilic dopants effectively tailor conducting polymers for hydrogel fillers, enhancing their biodegradability and expanding applications in transient implantable biomonitoring.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.