Evidence map›Paper›PMID 40261868›Full record

ArticlePloS one2025

The effect of enteral nutrition strategy and non-invasive ventilation on diarrhea and nutritional goals in the critically ill: A protocol for a multicentre retrospective cohort study (ENND GOALS).

Justin Bruni Senecal, Taiya Lakhanpal, Lawrence Mbuagbaw, Tatianna Giannidis, Parsa T Khazaneh, Bram Rochwerg, Simon J W Oczkowski, Deborah J Cook, Jennifer L Y Tsang, M Ines Pinto-Sanchez and 7 more

Abstract readClinical Trial Protocol
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in PloS one, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
0citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

17 authors.

Justin Bruni SenecalDepartment of Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, McMaster University, Hamilton, Canada.ORCID 0000-0002-5623-8216
Taiya LakhanpalDepartment of Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, McMaster University, Hamilton, Canada.
Lawrence MbuagbawDepartment of Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, McMaster University, Hamilton, Canada.
Tatianna GiannidisDepartment of Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, McMaster University, Hamilton, Canada.
Parsa T KhazanehDepartment of Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, McMaster University, Hamilton, Canada.
Bram RochwergDepartment of Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, McMaster University, Hamilton, Canada.
Simon J W OczkowskiDepartment of Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, McMaster University, Hamilton, Canada.
Deborah J CookDepartment of Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, McMaster University, Hamilton, Canada.
Jennifer L Y TsangDepartment of Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, McMaster University, Hamilton, Canada.
M Ines Pinto-SanchezDepartment of Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, McMaster University, Hamilton, Canada.
Sameer SharifDepartment of Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, McMaster University, Hamilton, Canada.
David ArmstrongDepartment of Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, McMaster University, Hamilton, Canada.
Natalia OvtcharenkoDepartment of Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, McMaster University, Hamilton, Canada.
Nicole JanisseHamilton Health Sciences, Juravinksi Hospital, ICU, Hamilton, Canada.
Tina MillenHamilton Health Sciences, Juravinksi Hospital, ICU, Hamilton, Canada.
Francois LamontagneUniversité de Sherbrooke, Department of Medicine, Sherbrooke, Canada.
Joanna C DionneDepartment of Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, McMaster University, Hamilton, Canada.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Enteral nutrition (EN) has become the standard of care for nutritional support among critically ill patients. However, little is known about whether continuous delivery (CEN) or intermittent delivery (IEN) is preferable or the consequences of either strategy. This is particularly true for diarrhea, which is understudied but consistently shown to be associated with increased morbidity among critically ill patients. This is a multicenter, retrospective cohort study including critically ill patients greater than 18 years of age, admitted to the Intensive Care Unit in Hamilton, Canada, and prescribed EN for greater than 48 hours. Patients will be divided into IEN and CEN groups based on the nutritional strategy they received during their stay. The primary outcome will be the proportion of patients in each group with diarrhea during their ICU stay, diarrhea will be defined according to WHO criteria. Multivariate logistic regression will be performed to identify the role of covariates in the risk of developing diarrhea. Secondary outcomes will include caloric intake, incidence of ICU-acquired infections, including Clostridioides difficile, length of stay, and mortality. This study protocol has been approved by the Hamilton Integrated Research Ethics Board (#16453). The study findings will be disseminated at academic conferences and published in peer-reviewed journals.

Indexed as

Critical IllnessDiarrheaEnteral NutritionNoninvasive VentilationCanadaFemaleHumansIntensive Care UnitsLength of StayMaleMulticenter Studies as TopicRetrospective Studies

Identifiers

PMID40261868
PMCPMC12013913

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.