Trial reportEuropean archives of paediatric dentistry : official journal of the European Academy of Paediatric Dentistry2025
The effect of needle demonstration during local anaesthesia on the child's dental fear, pain perception and behaviour: a randomised controlled trial.
Trial report in European archives of paediatric dentistry : official journal of the European Academy of Paediatric Dentistry, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 2 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
2 citing papers in PubMed.
- Evaluating the most effective combination of needle gauge with TENS, EMLA or topical spray for minimal pain during pediatric local anaesthesia: A randomized clinical trial.Bioinformation · 2026Article
- Letter to the Editor: Concerns regarding the interpretation of needle visibility in paediatric dental anxiety.European archives of paediatric dentistry : official journal of the European Academy of Paediatric Dentistry · 2025Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
7 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
purposeThe aim of the current study is to evaluate the possible effects of the sight of the dental needle as part of the "Tell-Show-Do" technique on children's fear, pain perception and behaviour, during anaesthesia administration.
methodsA total of 60 4-8 year-old children with no previous experience of local anaesthesia (LA), in need of restorations under LA, were randomly assigned in G1:Hiding-Needle-Technique (HN-T) and G2:Showing-Needle-Technique (SN-T). Children's Fear Survey Schedule-Dental Subscale, Wong-Baker Faces Pain Rating Scale (WBFPS), Frankl Behaviour Scale and heart rate (HR) were used.
resultsObjective evaluation of fear, using heart rate, was significantly higher for G1:(HN-T) compared to G2:(SN-T) during demonstration at the first appointment (p value = 0.013) and needle insertion at both appointments (p value = 0.08, p value = 0.04 respectively). No statistically significant relationship was found between the two groups regarding WBFPS questionnaire and Frankl Behaviour Rating Scale.
conclusionsThe sight of the needle was not found to affect reported fear. Statistical increases in HR were observed in children, independent of age and gender. Changes in HR indicated that not viewing the needle elicited greater fear than seeing it, for children aged 4 to 8 years when "Tell-Show-Do" is used. Pain perception and behaviour were not affected.
Indexed as
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Registered trials
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