Trial reportPediatric blood & cancer2025
Incident Stroke in Pediatric Sickle Cell Anemia Despite Overall Improved Transcranial Doppler Velocity in a Ugandan Hydroxyurea Trial: Antecedent and Ongoing Risks.
Trial report in Pediatric blood & cancer, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 3 papers.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
3 citing papers in PubMed.
- Predicting elevated transcranial doppler velocity among patients with sickle cell anemia in Uganda: A cross-sectional study.PloS one · 2026Article
- Pediatric Stroke in Asia and Africa: Epidemiology, Etiology, and Resource-Stratified Care Across Geographic and System-Level Disparities.Journal of central nervous system disease · 2026Review
- Growth measurements in Ugandan children with sickle cell anaemia from a hydroxyurea (hydroxycarbamide) treatment trial relative to unaffected sibling controls.British journal of haematology · 2025Article
Corrections and comments
- Update of
Authors and funding
13 authors.
Funding
Abstract
introductionTranscranial Doppler ultrasound (TCD) screening for primary stroke prevention in children with sickle cell anemia (SCA) was established in higher-resource regions, targeting interventions for highest velocity ("abnormal"). We sought to identify additional stroke risk factors in Uganda.
methodsWe conducted a 30-month open-label single-arm Ugandan hydroxyurea trial, dose-escalated to maximum-tolerated dose, aimed to test brain protection for children aged 3-9 years with SCA. Study procedures included history, clinical stroke examination, and prospective TCD and laboratory assessments.
resultsOverall, 264 children received study HU, mean age 5.6 ± 1.7, hemoglobin 7.8 ± 1.2 g/dL, fetal hemoglobin (HbF) 11.9% ± 8.1%, enrolment TCD mean TAMV 148.4 ± 29.3 cm/sec; 15 (5.7%) had abnormal TCD. The mean TAMV at trial completion was 131.9 ± SD 25.7 cm/sec. Four participants without abnormal enrolment TCD developed acute stroke within the initial 16 months (incidence 0.62 per 100 person-years): two had enrolment HbF ≤3.1%, two had low oxygen saturation (90%), and one had recurring severe anemia necessitating multiple transfusions. Apparent stroke precipitants were severe malaria, acute chest syndrome, recent pain crisis, or uncertain cause. At trial completion, eight additional participants had a higher risk TCD category than at enrolment.
conclusionThe effectiveness of TCD screening for stroke prevention may vary by region, as no participant with an incident stroke was at the highest risk. Antecedent and/or ongoing SCA-related risks of anemia, low HbF, hypoxemia, infections, and/or disease complications likely contributed to stroke despite trial HU. Results suggest that TCD alone may not fully identify the highest stroke risk in the region, and there is a need for primary stroke prevention from early childhood and continuous hydroxyurea therapy.
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