ReviewFrontiers in bioengineering and biotechnology2025
Carbon microelectrodes for the measurement of neurotransmitters with fast-scan cyclic voltammetry: methodology and applications.
Review in Frontiers in bioengineering and biotechnology, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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3 authors.
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Abstract
Carbon microelectrodes (CMEs) have emerged as pivotal tools in the field of neurochemical sensing, enabling precise, real-time monitoring of neurotransmitters in both research and clinical contexts. The current review explores the design, fabrication, and application of CMEs, emphasizing recent advancements in material science and electrochemical techniques that enhance their sensitivity, selectivity, and biocompatibility. Innovations such as the incorporation of nanomaterials, including graphene and carbon nanotubes, and the adoption of advanced fabrication methods like three-dimensional (3D) printing and chemical vapor deposition, are discussed in detail. These developments have led to significant improvements in electrode performance, the reduction of biofouling and interferants, while enabling the detection of low concentrations of neurochemicals in complex biological systems. This review further highlights the potential of CMEs to address clinical challenges such as diagnosing and monitoring neurological disorders such as Parkinson's Disease and depression. By integrating advanced surface modifications, polymer coatings, and method development strategies, CMEs demonstrate high durability, reduced fouling, and enhanced specificity. Despite these advancements, challenges remain related to long-term
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