ArticleISME communications2025
Shifting phytoplankton ecological strategies along a continuum of tidewater glacier retreat.
Article in ISME communications, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.
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Who cites it
1 citing paper in PubMed.
- Community-based nearshore wave and water level monitoring in Nunavut, Arctic Canada 2021-2023.Scientific data · 2026Article
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Authors and funding
15 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Marine-terminating (i.e., tidewater) glaciers are experiencing rapid retreat. Compared to land-terminating glaciers, tidewater glaciers can entrain nutrient-rich deep seawater with buoyant glacial meltwater released at depth from the glacier terminus, fueling summertime primary productivity. We used a continuum of tidewater glaciers at various stages of retreat in the Canadian Arctic Archipelago, in Inuit Nunangat, as a natural laboratory for approximating the impacts of tidewater glacier retreat on marine primary producers and their ecological strategies. We measured phytoplankton community composition and estimated productivity along this retreat continuum and found that phytoplankton communities consist mostly of fast-growing r-strategists such as diatoms at sites with tidewater glaciers likely to be capable of deep-water nutrient upwelling. At sites without tidewater glaciers or those with tidewater glaciers that may have retreated too much to upwell deep-water nutrients, we found communities dominated by small and potentially mixotrophic flagellates, which were indicative of regenerative production and low-nutrient environments. We also observed the highest estimated diatom carbon fixation potential co-occurring with chemical signals of upwelling near a shallow tidewater glacier. These finding suggest that shoaling tidewater glaciers can be important regions of summertime productivity when they can facilitate deep-water nutrient upwelling. However, with continued retreat, tidewater glaciers will cease deep-water upwelling. Low contributions of diatoms at sites with glaciers that no longer induce deep-water upwelling show that tidewater glacier shoaling will ultimately result in reduced ecosystem productivity and shifts towards phytoplankton that employ ecological strategies for success in stratified, nutrient-poor environments, with implications for marine ecosystems adjacent to the >1000 retreating Arctic tidewater glaciers.
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