ArticleBMC psychology2025
The associations of postpartum urinary incontinence with depression, anxiety, and stress among women in Saudi Arabia: a cross-sectional study.
Article in BMC psychology, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 3 papers.
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Who cites it
3 citing papers in PubMed.
- Lower Urinary Tract Symptoms and Quality of Life in Third-Trimester Pregnancy.International urogynecology journal · 2026Article
- Six years of car driving experience: impact of psychological status, sleep, fatigue and quality of life in female drivers in Saudi Arabia: an online survey study.BMC public health · 2025Article
- Care-seeking behaviors and risk factors in women with postpartum urinary incontinence.Frontiers in medicine · 2025Article
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9 authors.
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Abstract
backgroundAfter delivery, the psychological status of women may go through several critical stages. Postpartum urinary incontinence (PPUI) might be one factor that affects mental health. The aim of this study is to evaluate the variables associated with depression, anxiety, and stress in women with PPUI using the Depression, Anxiety, Stress Scale (DASS).
methodsA cross-sectional study of 813 Saudi women. Participants were asked to complete an online DASS and provide demographic information. Univariate and multivariate regression analyses were performed to assess the associations between variables and DASS.
resultsOf those who experienced PPUI, 45.6% (n = 108, p value < 0.01) had a BMI ≥ 30, and 44.4% (n = 107, p value = 0.00) had more than 4 children. In the multivariate regression model, BMI (≥ 30 odds ratio: 1.2, p = 0.14), number of children (p = 0.03), type of delivery (caesarian delivery odds ratio: 1.5, p = 0.25), and severity of UI (severe UI odds ratio: 4.6, p = 0.00) were significantly associated with moderate to severe depression. In the multivariate regression model, BMI (≥ 30 odds ratio: 1.2, p = 0.05) and severity of UI (severe UI odds ratio: 3.7, p = 0.00) were significantly associated with moderate to severe anxiety. In the multivariate regression model, caesarian delivery (odds ratio: 1.9, p = 0.05) and severity of UI (severe UI odds ratio: 6.3, p = 0.00) were significantly associated with moderate to severe stress.
conclusionsA high prevalence of anxiety was observed in postpartum women. Severity of PPUI was strongly associated with moderate to severe depression, anxiety, and stress in PPUI women.
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