Evidence map›Paper›PMID 40259015›Full record

ArticleAnalytical and bioanalytical chemistry2025

Combination of hydrophilic interaction liquid chromatography and top-down mass spectrometry for characterisation of adeno-associated virus capsid proteins.

Corentin Beaumal, Felipe Guapo, Josh Smith, Sara Carillo, Jonathan Bones

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Analytical and bioanalytical chemistry, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
1citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

1 citing paper in PubMed.

  1. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

5 authors.

Corentin BeaumalCharacterisation and Comparability Laboratory, NIBRT - National Institute for Bioprocessing Research and Training, Foster Avenue, Belfield, Blackrock, Dublin, A94 X099, Ireland.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0003-4231-780X
Felipe GuapoCharacterisation and Comparability Laboratory, NIBRT - National Institute for Bioprocessing Research and Training, Foster Avenue, Belfield, Blackrock, Dublin, A94 X099, Ireland.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0003-4565-7359
Josh SmithCharacterisation and Comparability Laboratory, NIBRT - National Institute for Bioprocessing Research and Training, Foster Avenue, Belfield, Blackrock, Dublin, A94 X099, Ireland.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0001-5835-7705
Sara CarilloCharacterisation and Comparability Laboratory, NIBRT - National Institute for Bioprocessing Research and Training, Foster Avenue, Belfield, Blackrock, Dublin, A94 X099, Ireland.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-5943-8993
Jonathan BonesCharacterisation and Comparability Laboratory, NIBRT - National Institute for Bioprocessing Research and Training, Foster Avenue, Belfield, Blackrock, Dublin, A94 X099, Ireland. jonathan.bones@nibrt.ie.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-8978-2592

Funding

Thermo Fisher Scientific Thermo NIBRT Research Collaboration 2025
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Adeno-associated virus (AAV) viral vector-based gene therapy is advancing rapidly, offering potential treatments for rare and severe diseases. The AAV capsid consists of a combination of three viral proteins (VPs), VP1, VP2, and VP3, ranging from 59 to 81 kDa and present at a theoretical bulk ratio of 1:1:10. This study employed hydrophilic interaction liquid chromatography (HILIC) and mass spectrometry (MS) to achieve robust separation and detailed characterisation of AAV9 capsid proteins. Advanced top-down MS approaches combining multiple fragmentation techniques (HCD, ETD, EThcD, and UVPD) were successfully applied, increasing the sequence coverage up to 40% for VP3 and confirming N-terminal acetylation on VP1 and VP3. The workflow demonstrated high reproducibility between injection duplicates and was subsequently applied to the characterisation of in-house produced biological replicates of AAV9 samples from HEK293 cells, showing consistent results across them. Analysis of AAV9 derived from Sf9 insect cells, a more complex sample due to higher levels of modification of the capsid VPs, further evidenced method versatility. Overall, this study highlights the potential of HILIC-MS and advanced top-down MS approaches for detailed characterisation of AAV capsid proteins.

Indexed as

Capsid ProteinsDependovirusMass SpectrometryAnimalsChromatography, LiquidHEK293 CellsHumansHydrophobic and Hydrophilic InteractionsCapsid ProteinsAdeno-associated virus (AAV)Electron transfer dissociation (ETD)Gene therapy characterisationHydrophilic interaction liquid chromatography (HILIC)Top-down mass spectrometry (TD-MS)Ultraviolet photodissociation (UVPD)

Identifiers

PMID40259015
PMCPMC12122587

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LicenceCC BY
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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.