Evidence map›Paper›PMID 40257660›Full record

ArticleVeterinary research communications2025

Assessment of macronutrients and fat quality in cat food.

Jagoda Kępińska-Pacelik, Wioletta Biel, Patrycja Biernacka, Grzegorz Tokarczyk, Grzegorz Bienkiewicz

Abstract read
PubMed Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in Veterinary research communications, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
1citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

1 citing paper in PubMed.

  1. Review
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

5 authors.

Jagoda Kępińska-PacelikDepartment of Monogastric Animal Sciences, Division of Animal Nutrition and Food, West Pomeranian University of Technology in Szczecin, Klemensa Janickiego 29, Szczecin, 71 - 270, Poland. jagoda.kepinska-pacelik@zut.edu.pl.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0001-5925-0694
Wioletta BielDepartment of Monogastric Animal Sciences, Division of Animal Nutrition and Food, West Pomeranian University of Technology in Szczecin, Klemensa Janickiego 29, Szczecin, 71 - 270, Poland.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-3385-6281
Patrycja BiernackaDepartment of Fish, Plant and Gastronomy Technology, Faculty of Food Sciences and Fisheries, West Pomeranian University of Technology in Szczecin, Papieża Pawła VI 4, Szczecin, 71 - 459, Poland.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-7819-4883
Grzegorz TokarczykDepartment of Fish, Plant and Gastronomy Technology, Faculty of Food Sciences and Fisheries, West Pomeranian University of Technology in Szczecin, Papieża Pawła VI 4, Szczecin, 71 - 459, Poland.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0001-9159-3339
Grzegorz BienkiewiczDepartment of Commodity Science, Quality Assessment, Process Engineering and Hu-man Nutrition, Faculty of Food Sciences and Fisheries, West Pomeranian University of Technology in Szczecin, Papieża Pawła VI 4, Szczecin, 71 - 459, Poland.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0001-9343-8711

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

For certain nutrients, the European Pet Food Industry Federation (FEDIAF) provides minimum recommended levels that should be met in a cat's diet. The aim of this study was to assess the levels of essential nutrients and the quality of fats in commercial cat food. The material analyzed consisted of 27 dry cat food products, which were categorized into three groups based on their primary protein sources: poultry, fish, and alternative proteins. The proximate composition of ground samples was determined according to methods established by the Association of Official Analytical Chemists (AOAC). Fatty acid methyl esters were extracted from the samples and analyzed using gas chromatography coupled with mass spectrometry. All analyzed cat foods met the minimum recommended levels for protein and fat for adult cats, as established by FEDIAF (2024b). However, 11% of the products did not meet the minimum recommended level for linoleic acid (C18:2 n-6), and 14% lacked arachidonic acid (C20:4). The analysis confirmed that cat foods containing different types of animal-derived ingredients vary significantly in their individual fatty acid profiles.

Indexed as

Animal FeedNutrientsAnimalsCatsDietFatty AcidsFatty AcidsNutrientsCatCommercial dry foodFatty acidsMajor nutrientsNutritional guidelinesVarious animal protein

Identifiers

PMID40257660

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.