ArticleFrontiers in psychiatry2025
Investigation of serum cystatin C levels and their diagnostic value in combination with inflammatory ratios in patients with bipolar disorder.
Article in Frontiers in psychiatry, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 2 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
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Who cites it
2 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.
- Complete blood count-based inflammatory ratios in people with bipolar disorder: a systematic review and meta-analysis of neutrophil-to-lymphocyte, monocyte-to-lymphocyte, and platelet-to-lymphocyte ratios.European psychiatry : the journal of the Association of European Psychiatrists · 2026Pooled it
- Whole blood DNA methylation signature of epigenetic aging in medication overuse headache.The journal of headache and pain · 2026Article
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Authors and funding
7 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Background: It is thought that inflammation significantly contributes to the development of bipolar disorder (BD), and recent findings indicate a connection between cystatin C and immune-related inflammation. In this study, we investigated serum cystatin C levels in patients with BD and explored the relationship between cystatin C and inflammatory markers. Methods: The study involved 3,647 individuals diagnosed with BD, comprising 2,431 with BD-manic (BD-M) and 1,216 with BD-depression (BD-D), alongside 3,500 healthy controls. The analysis covered cystatin C levels and inflammatory biomarkers obtained from complete blood counts across the various groups. The Spearman correlation test was used to examine the relationship between cystatin C and inflammatory markers. Logistic regression and ROC curve analyses assessed the predictive value of these markers for disease occurrence. Results: Serum cystatin C levels were significantly elevated in BD patients, particularly those in manic episodes, compared to the healthy control group, with distinct correlation patterns with inflammatory biomarkers observed among the groups. Serum Cystatin C levels independently and positively indicated disease occurrence, showing improved diagnostic effectiveness when combined with inflammatory ratios. Conclusion: Our research indicates that cystatin C could be involved in the pathophysiological mechanisms of BD by affecting pro-inflammatory processes. Additionally, it should be emphasized that cystatin C showed considerable predictive capacity in diagnosing BD, especially when used alongside various inflammatory markers. Limitations: The cross-sectional study is limited to demonstrating associations rather than establishing causality. A thorough examination of sociodemographic factors and the severity of the disease could not be conducted.
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