Evidence map›Paper›PMID 40255512›Full record

ArticleACS photonics2025

Aloof Electron Probing of In-Plane Surface Photovoltaic Charge Distributions on GaAs Surfaces.

Zilin Chen, Wayne Cheng-Wei Huang, Herman Batelaan

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in ACS photonics, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
0citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

3 authors.

Zilin ChenDepartment of Physics and Astronomy, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States.
Wayne Cheng-Wei HuangDepartment of Physics, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu 30013, Taiwan (R.O.C.).ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1523-4267
Herman BatelaanDepartment of Physics and Astronomy, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, Lincoln, Nebraska 68588, United States.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

The motion of free electrons moving parallel and above a semiconductor surface can be influenced by shining a laser light onto the surface. Here we report strong deflection of aloof electrons by an undoped GaAs surface illuminated with a 633 nm laser. The deflecting electric field from the surface photovoltaic charges extends 100 μm into the vacuum. As surface photovoltage (SPV) is sensitive to the electronic states of the GaAs surface, the aloof electron beam serves as a probe for SPV charge dynamics on the mesoscopic length scale. The observed in-plane SPV charge distribution persists beyond 1 second after the laser beam is blocked. Our work suggests the possibility of writing designed 2D charge patterns on semiconductor surfaces with a scanning laser beam, providing unusual flexibility for electron beam manipulation.

Identifiers

PMID40255512
PMCPMC12007118

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.