SynthesisInternational journal of paediatric dentistry2025
Risk of Early Childhood Dental Caries Associated With Prolonged Breastfeeding: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.
Synthesis in International journal of paediatric dentistry, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 10 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
10 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.
- Prevalence and risk factors for early childhood caries in North Africa: a systematic review and meta-analysis.BMC oral health · 2025Pooled it
- Influence factors of early childhood caries risk among children aged 1-2 years in Beijing: a prospective cohort study.BDJ open · 2026Article
- Breastfeeding and Early Childhood Dental Caries: Evidence from Birth Cohort Studies in Australia and Brazil.Healthcare (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Article
- Review Regarding the Impact of Breastfeeding on Early Childhood Caries.Children (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Review
- Developmental ecology of the infant oral ecosystem: a framework for early childhood caries.Frontiers in oral health · 2026Review
- The association between early-life nutrition and palatine tonsil grading in preschool children: a cross-sectional study.Frontiers in nutrition · 2026Article
- Comparative evaluation of human breast milk, cow milk, infant formula and almond milk on childhood cariogenicity: AnBioinformation · 2026Article
- A Longitudinal Study on Dental Caries Focusing on Long-Term Breastfed Children in Japan.Nutrients · 2025Article
- Breastfeeding and early tooth eruption as predictors of dental caries occurrence throughout childhood.Scientific reports · 2025Article
- The first 1,000 days of life and early childhood caries: closing the global data gap.Frontiers in oral health · 2025Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
7 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundBreastfeeding provides essential nutrients and benefits for newborns. However, its prolonged duration has raised concerns about potential risks for early childhood caries (ECC).
aimTo determine if prolonged breastfeeding increases the risk of dental caries in children under 71 months.
designEligibility criteria included observational studies comparing ECC risk in children breastfed for over 12 months, with no language restrictions. Databases searched included PubMed, Scopus, and others, up to May 17, 2024. Risk of bias was assessed using the JBI Critical Appraisal Checklist. Meta-analyses were performed using a random-effects model.
resultsTwenty-five studies involving 19 681 participants were included. Studies showed an increased risk of ECC in children breastfed for more than 24 months (RR = 2.44; 95% CI, 1.97 to 3.02). For the 12-24 months period, no significant risk increase was found. Meta-analyses also indicated higher ECC prevalence with breastfeeding beyond 12 months (OR = 1.86; 95% CI, 1.48 to 2.35).
conclusionProlonged breastfeeding beyond 24 months is associated with an increased risk of ECC. This review highlights the need for future studies to address current research limitations and better understand the relationship between prolonged breastfeeding and ECC.
trial registrationInternational Prospective Register of Systematic Reviews (PROSPERO): CRD42024509212.
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