Evidence map›Paper›PMID 40254837›Full record

ArticleNano letters2025

Toughening Mechanisms in Stacked Bilayer Graphene Sheets by Means of Sandwiched 1D Nano-rebars.

Muhammad Usama Arshad, Yuxiang Gan, Congjie Wei, Xingkang She, Pavan V Kolluru, Chenglin Wu, Mohammad Naraghi

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Nano letters, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
0citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

7 authors.

Muhammad Usama ArshadDepartment of Materials Science and Engineering, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas 77843, United States.ORCID 0000-0002-8399-7322
Yuxiang GanDepartment of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas 77843, United States.ORCID 0009-0002-9820-5102
Congjie WeiDepartment of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas 77843, United States.
Xingkang SheDepartment of Materials Science and Engineering, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas 77843, United States.ORCID 0009-0005-6216-6641
Pavan V KolluruDepartment of Materials Science and Engineering, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas 77843, United States.ORCID 0000-0002-8875-6915
Chenglin WuDepartment of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas 77843, United States.ORCID 0000-0001-7733-1084
Mohammad NaraghiDepartment of Materials Science and Engineering, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas 77843, United States.ORCID 0000-0002-1841-7598

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Graphene, with an intrinsic strength of >100 GPa, exhibits promise for armor applications. However, the thermodynamically favorable manufacturing defects severely diminish their achievable strength. To remedy this, 1D nano-rebars, sandwiched between graphene monolayers, were studied. Real-time mode-I crack growth resistance was studied in reinforced graphene under SEM, which revealed that the dissipative interactions between 1D and 2D nanomaterials can increase the ductility of graphene by over 100%, albeit at a slight loss in effective toughness. This significant improvement was analyzed by introducing the concept of geometric conformity to explain the load transfer between them. By means of finite element analysis and shear lag models we explained the contribution of dissipative interactions between nano-rebar and graphene in reducing stress concentration around cracks, leading to high ductility. The dissipative bonds were found to be more favorable over covalent bonds in terms of maintaining a lower interface stress, further delaying interface local failure.

Indexed as

1D−2D nanomaterialsconformitycrack growth resistancegraphene

Identifiers

PMID40254837
PMCPMC12046602

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.