ArticleScientific reports2025
Improving compatibility between coffee or black tea ground wastes and polymer matrix via silane treatment for production sustainable biofillers.
Article in Scientific reports, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.
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3 authors.
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Abstract
The incorporation of bio-waste products into polymer materials as a fillers and colorants represents a highly significant approach for developing sustainable composites, aligning with the principles of a circular bioeconomy and contributing to reduced environmental impact. In this study, coffee grounds (CG) and black tea grounds (BTG), two mainstream food processing by-products, were employed as bio-fillers and pigments for ethylene-norbornene (EN) composites. The effects of hydrophobic treatment with (3-aminopropyl)triethoxysilane (APTS) on CG and BTG powders were compared to those of untreated bio-fillers with respect to dispersion, color characteristics, mechanical properties, and UV aging stability of the polymer composites subjected to 50, 100, 200 and 300 h of UV aging. Both the waste additives and the resulting composites were characterized through Fourier-transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy, tensile testing, thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and spectrophotometric method. The obtained results demonstrated that the silanization of CG and BTG bio-fillers improved their dispersion within the EN matrix, consequently enhancing the UV aging resistance of the polymer composites. The EN/CG-APTS composite exhibited the best mechanical properties during the aging process, with the highest aging factor value of 0.6 after 300 h. On the other hand, the EN/BTG-APTS composite showed the smallest color change (ΔE = 7.8) after 300 h of aging. These findings indicate that improving the compatibility of bio-fillers with the polymer matrix can further increase their application potential in sustainable polymer materials technology.
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