Evidence map›Paper›PMID 40253371›Full record

ArticleJournal of health, population, and nutrition2025

The association between plant-based diet indices and the risk of breast cancer: a case-control study.

Fateme Souni, Fatemeh Mansouri, Fatemeh Jafari, Reza Sharifi, Sepideh PourvatanDoust, Zainab Shateri, Mehran Nouri, Bahram Rashidkhani

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In one paragraph

Article in Journal of health, population, and nutrition, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 4 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
4citing papers in PubMed, 1 pooled it
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

4 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.

  1. Pooled it
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  3. Review
  4. Review
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

8 authors.

Fateme SouniDepartment of Clinical Nutrition, School of Nutrition and Food Sciences, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran.
Fatemeh MansouriDepartment of Clinical Nutrition, School of Nutrition and Food Sciences, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran.
Fatemeh JafariDepartment of Nutritional Sciences, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA, USA.ORCID 0000-0002-5958-7278
Reza SharifiDepartment of Prosthodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.
Sepideh PourvatanDoustDepartment of Food Science and Technology, Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran.
Zainab ShateriDepartment of Nutrition and Biochemistry, School of Medicine, Ilam University of Medical Sciences, Ilam, Iran.ORCID 0000-0003-3725-6686
Mehran NouriInfertility and Reproductive Health Research Center, Health Research Institute, Babol University of Medical sciences, Babol, Iran. mehran_nouri71@yahoo.com.ORCID 0000-0002-7031-3542
Bahram RashidkhaniDepartment of Community Nutrition, Faculty of Nutrition and Food Technology, National Nutrition and Food Technology Research Institute, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran. rashidkhani@yahoo.com.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundPrevious studies examining the relationship between plant-based diets and breast cancer (BrC) have provided conflicting evidence. To address these inconsistencies, we aimed to evaluate the association between the plant-based diet index (PDI), healthful PDI (hPDI), and unhealthy PDI (uPDI) with the odds of BrC in Iranian women.

methodsThe current case-control research was performed on 133 Iranian women with BrC and 265 controls. The study subjects were selected from hospitals in Tehran. PDI, hPDI, and uPDI were categorized into eighteen food groups based on nutrient composition similarity. The relationship between PDIs and BrC was assessed using logistic regression.

resultsAfter adjusting for confounding factors, the chance of developing BrC was lower in the highest tertile of hPDI compared to the lowest tertile (odds ratio (OR) = 0.495; 95% confidence interval (CI): 0.274-0.891; P = 0.019). In addition, postmenopausal women in the second and last tertiles of hPDI had lower odds of BrC than those in the first tertile (T) (T

conclusionsAdherence to a healthy plant-based dietary pattern, including vegetables, fruits, whole grains, nuts, and legumes, seems to be beneficial for BrC prevention, particularly in postmenopausal women. Future prospective cohort studies that consider menopausal status and the type of BrC are needed to support these findings.

Indexed as

Breast NeoplasmsDiet, HealthyDiet, VegetarianAdultCase-Control StudiesDiet, Plant-BasedFemaleHumansIranMiddle AgedOdds RatioRisk FactorsVegetablesBreast cancerBreast cancer preventionDietary patternsPlant-based dietRisk factorsTehran

Identifiers

PMID40253371
PMCPMC12008985

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.