ArticleGut microbes2025
Delivery mode, birth order, and sex impact neonatal microbial colonization.
Article in Gut microbes, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 16 papers.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Who cites it
16 citing papers in PubMed.
- Review
- Molecular epidemiology and antimicrobial resistance of extended-spectrum beta-lactamases-producingJAC-antimicrobial resistance · 2026Article
- Antibiotic-Driven Gut Microbiome Dysbiosis: Resistome Dynamics, Metabolic Disruption, and Paths to Restoration.Antibiotics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Review
- Developmental Programming of Drug Response: Microbiota as a Missing Dimension in Perinatal Drug Discovery.International journal of molecular sciences · 2026Review
- Integrative Approaches to Gut Microbiota: Biomarkers, Dysbiosis, and Therapeutic Potential.Saudi medical journal · 2026Review
- A Potential Gut-Retina Axis in Retinopathy of Prematurity: Emerging Perspectives on Microbiome-Mediated Modulation of the IGF-1-VEGF Pathway.International journal of molecular sciences · 2026Review
- Temporal dynamics and functional maturation of the infant gut microbiota during the first year of life.BMC microbiology · 2026Article
- Microbiome, Epigenetics, and Nutritional Factors in Shaping Perinatal Pregnancy Outcomes.International journal of molecular sciences · 2026Review
- Maternal obesity, diet, and the gut microbiome: implications for offspring cardiometabolic programming.Frontiers in nutrition · 2026Review
- Factors associated with cognitive developmental delay risk in 12-month-old infants.Frontiers in pediatrics · 2026Article
- The microgenderome in migraine: integrating sex hormones, microbial composition, and metabolic profiles into a sex-related framework.Frontiers in microbiology · 2026Review
- The role of the gut microbiota during the first 2 years of life in the early programming of obesity, type 2 diabetes, and hypertension.Frontiers in nutrition · 2026Review
- Parity influences on the infant gut microbiome development: a longitudinal cohort study.Gut microbes · 2025Article
- Sex Differences in Wheezing During the First Three Years of Life After Delivery via Caesarean Section.Children (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Article
- Functional and Safety Profile ofPharmaceutics · 2025Article
- Characterization of the airway microbiome in preterm infants with bronchopulmonary dysplasia.Frontiers in cellular and infection microbiology · 2025Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
8 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
The initial microbial colonization of the infant gut during birth plays a critical role in shaping both immediate and long-term health outcomes. While mode of delivery is a known determinant of this colonization process, the potential impacts of infant sex and birth order remain underexplored. This study investigates the influence of delivery mode, infant sex, and birth order (maternal parity) on the microbial communities in first-pass meconium samples from neonates, using 16S rRNA gene sequencing. We found that delivery mode impacted the presence of detectable microbial communities. Specifically, only 17% of samples from neonates delivered by elective Cesarean section showed any microbial presence, compared to approximately two-thirds of samples from neonates exposed to maternal vaginal microbes (emergency C-section or vaginal delivery). Among vaginally delivered neonates without antibiotic exposure, birth order was associated with taxonomic shifts. Neonates born to primiparous mothers had a lower abundance of Bifidobacterium, a keystone species in the infant gut microbiome. Unexpectedly, the gut microbiota differed by infant sex, with males having lower alpha diversity and shifts in microbial community composition (PERMANOVA
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