SynthesisJournal of attention disorders2025
ADHD and Sex Hormones in Females: A Systematic Review.
Synthesis in Journal of attention disorders, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 8 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
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Who cites it
8 citing papers in PubMed.
- Daily Ovarian Hormone Exposure and Loss of Control Eating in Adolescent Girls: A Stage 2 Registered Report.The International journal of eating disorders · 2026Article
- Off-Time Puberty in Autism Spectrum Disorder and ADHD: A Scoping Review of Pubertal Timing, Social Cognition, and Psychopathological Risk.Research on child and adolescent psychopathology · 2026Article
- Sex Differences in Adult ADHD: A Multidimensional Multi-Informant Observational Study.Journal of clinical medicine · 2026Article
- Cognitive variability across the menstrual cycle in adolescent girls with ADHD: clinical profiles from a cluster analysis.European child & adolescent psychiatry · 2026Article
- Pharmacological Management of ADHD in Women Across Perimenopause, Menopause and Post-Menopause.Drugs & aging · 2026Review
- Symptom expression and coping strategies in women-focused attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder communities: a comparative natural language analysis of Reddit.Frontiers in psychiatry · 2026Article
- "Hormones rule me": A qualitative exploration of the impact of perimenopause on women with ADHD.Women's health (London, England)Article
- Menstrual health and Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) symptoms: A scoping review.Women's health (London, England)Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
4 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
objectiveADHD is a neurodevelopmental condition associated with elevated symptoms of inattention and hyperactivity/impulsivity. Symptoms of ADHD typically persist into adulthood and can impair functioning and overall quality of life. In females (including women and people assigned female at birth), ADHD is under-recognized, and knowledge about the relationship between ADHD symptoms and sex hormones is lacking. This systematic review aimed to synthesize the current evidence investigating the relationship between ADHD symptoms (including medication effects) and sex hormones in females.
methodSearches were conducted within Ovid MEDLINE, Embase, and PsycINFO from 1980 to January 2025. Included studies investigated ADHD symptoms in the context of hormonal changes in females, including studies specifically exploring ADHD and sex hormones, as well as hormonal life stages (puberty, menstrual cycle, and pregnancy). Narrative synthesis was utilized for data extraction, grouping studies by hormonal phase.
resultsA total of 11 studies were included in this review. Evidence was largely suggestive of a relationship between ADHD symptoms and sex hormones in females, specifically in puberty and across the menstrual cycle. Findings were limited by the small number of studies reviewed, often with small sample sizes and considerable diversity in participant populations and outcome measures.
conclusionSex hormones and phases related to hormonal changes (such as puberty and the menstrual cycle) may be associated with ADHD symptom changes in females. Further research is needed to understand the relationship between sex hormones and ADHD symptoms and requires investigation of a wider range of hormonal milestones in females, including menopause.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.