ArticleEpilepsy & behavior : E&B2025
The prevalence of comorbidities in people with psychogenic non-epileptic seizures (2013-2023).
Article in Epilepsy & behavior : E&B, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 2 papers.
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Who cites it
2 citing papers in PubMed.
- Mortality in functional seizures: Evidence from a large electronic health records dataset.Epilepsia · 2026Article
- Peripheral cytokine and monocyte phenotype associations in drug-resistant epilepsy.Scientific reports · 2025Article
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Authors and funding
9 authors.
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Abstract
objectiveTo better understand medical comorbidity in people with psychogenic non-epileptic seizures (PNES), we used real-world electronic health records (EHR) to evaluate rates of co-occurring diagnoses and psychotropic prescribing in people receiving their first diagnosis of PNES.
methodsWe conducted a descriptive analysis of the TriNetX databases, a federated network of >80 health care organizations with access to electronic health records and linked insurance claims. We identified 25,858 individuals with a new PNES diagnosis (ICD-10-CM F44.5) and ≥5 years of EHR or claims data prior to the first PNES encounter. We subsequently evaluated baseline medical comorbidities and outpatient psychotropic prescriptions during the 5 year lookback period preceding the first PNES encounter.
resultsIn the 5 years before the first PNES encounter, >50% of patients with PNES had encounters where mood-related disorder, anxiety-related disorder, or epilepsy was coded. Past 5-year injuries or poisonings (46.0%), benzodiazepine or Z drug prescriptions (63.5%), and opioid prescriptions (48.6%) were particularly common. Approximately one-third of the sample had past 5-year pain-related diagnoses. Prior diagnoses of PTSD (17.0%), borderline personality disorder (<5%), intellectual disability (<5%), and autism-spectrum disorders (<5%) were comparatively less common.
conclusionThe needs of people with PNES extend beyond psychiatric management. Clinicians should consider the impact of injuries, pain-related diagnoses, and opioid and benzodiazepine exposure in differential diagnosis.
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