Evidence map›Paper›PMID 40249834›Full record

ArticlePsychological science2025

An Illusion of Time Caused by Repeated Experience.

Brynn E Sherman, Sami R Yousif

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Psychological science, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 5 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
5citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

5 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. The Spatial Representation of Self-Referential Negative Events.Behavioral sciences (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026
    Article
  2. Article
  3. Repeated Viewing of a Film Clip Changes Event Timescales in the Brain.The Journal of neuroscience : the official journal of the Society for Neuroscience · 2026
    Article
  4. Review
  5. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

2 authors.

Brynn E ShermanDepartment of Psychology, University of Pennsylvania.ORCID 0000-0002-5071-7101
Sami R YousifDepartment of Psychology and Neuroscience, the University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill.ORCID 0000-0002-4126-3072

Funding

Non-US Government Research Support type
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

How do people remember when something occurred? One obvious possibility is that, in the absence of explicit cues, people remember on the basis of memory strength. If a memory is fuzzy, it likely occurred longer ago than a memory that is vivid. Here, we demonstrate a robust illusion of time that stands in stark contrast with this prediction. In six experiments testing adults via an online research platform, we show that experiences that are repeated (and, consequently, better remembered) are counterintuitively remembered as having initially occurred further back in time. This illusion is robust (amounting to as much as a 25% distortion in perceived time), consistent (exhibited by the vast majority of participants tested), and applicable at the scale of ordinary day-to-day experience (occurring even when tested over one full week). We argue that this may be one of the key mechanisms underlying why people's sense of time often deviates from reality.

Indexed as

IllusionsMental RecallTime PerceptionAdultFemaleHumansMaleYoung Adultdurationmemorytemporal repetition effecttime perception

Identifiers

PMID40249834
PMCPMC13428962

What OpenQuestion holds

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LicenceCC BY-NC
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Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.