ArticleJournal of advanced nursing2026
Comparison of Perceived and Expected Power Styles of Nurse Managers by Nurses: A Repeated Cross-Sectional Study.
Article in Journal of advanced nursing, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
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Abstract
aimTo compare the power styles that nurses perceive and expect from nurse managers at two time points. The study aims to investigate any changes in nurses' perceptions and expectations regarding the power styles of nurse managers over a six-year period.
designRepeated cross-sectional desing.
methodsThe study was conducted with 158 nurses at Time-1 and 103 nurses at Time-2. Data were collected using the Personal Information Form and the Perceived Leadership Power Questionnaire. For data analysis, frequency and percentage distribution, arithmetic mean, t-test, and Cronbach's Alpha were applied.
resultsIt was determined that the power style most perceived by nurses in their nurse managers was Referent Power at Time-1 and Expert Power at Time-2, while the expected power style was Expert Power at both Time-1 and Time-2.
conclusionIt was observed that the perceived power styles of nurse managers changed over the course of the study. The power styles perceived by the nurses were consistent with the power styles they expected. IMPLICATIONS FOR THE PROFESSION: The perceived power styles of nurse managers may change over time. Identifying this change could facilitate the determination of effective leadership and communication styles. IMPACT: The study examined changes in nurses' perceptions of nurse managers' power styles over time. Nurses perceived Referent Power in Time-1 and Expert Power in Time-2, while expecting Expert Power in both periods. This research contributes to enhancing leadership in nursing, understanding power dynamics in nurse-manager relationships, and improving nursing care quality. REPORTING
methodSTROBE statement selected as EQUATOR checklist. PATIENT OR PUBLIC CONTRIBUTION: No Patient or Public Contribution.
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