Evidence map›Paper›PMID 40248569›Full record

ArticleNature physics2025

Cyclic jetting enables microbubble-mediated drug delivery.

Marco Cattaneo, Giulia Guerriero, Gazendra Shakya, Lisa A Krattiger, Lorenza G Paganella, Maria L Narciso, Outi Supponen

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Nature physics, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 19 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
19citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

19 citing papers in PubMed.

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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

7 authors.

Marco CattaneoInstitute of Fluid Dynamics, ETH Zürich, Zürich, Switzerland.ORCID 0000-0002-1581-4280
Giulia GuerrieroInstitute of Fluid Dynamics, ETH Zürich, Zürich, Switzerland.
Gazendra ShakyaInstitute of Fluid Dynamics, ETH Zürich, Zürich, Switzerland.
Lisa A KrattigerDepartment of Obstetrics, University Hospital Zürich, University of Zürich, Zürich, Switzerland.ORCID 0000-0002-6309-5436
Lorenza G PaganellaInstitute of Energy and Process Engineering, ETH Zürich, Zürich, Switzerland.ORCID 0009-0002-8036-018X
Maria L NarcisoInstitute for Mechanical Systems, ETH Zürich, Zürich, Switzerland.
Outi SupponenInstitute of Fluid Dynamics, ETH Zürich, Zürich, Switzerland.ORCID 0000-0001-6738-0675

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

The pursuit of targeted therapies capable of overcoming biological barriers, including the blood-brain barrier, has spurred the investigation of stimuli-responsive microagents that can improve therapeutic efficacy and reduce undesirable side effects. Intravenously administered, ultrasound-responsive microbubbles are promising agents with demonstrated potential in clinical trials, but the mechanism underlying drug absorption remains unclear. Here we show that ultrasound-driven single microbubbles puncture the cell membrane and induce drug uptake through stable cyclic microjets. Our theoretical models successfully reproduce the observed bubble and cell dynamic responses. We find that cyclic jets arise from shape instabilities, as opposed to classical inertial jets that are driven by pressure gradients, enabling microjet formation at mild ultrasound pressures below 100 kPa. We also establish a threshold for bubble radial expansion beyond which microjets form and facilitate cellular permeation and show that the stress generated by microjetting outperforms previously suggested mechanisms by at least an order of magnitude. Overall, this work elucidates the physics behind microbubble-mediated targeted drug delivery and provides the criteria for its effective and safe application.

Indexed as

BiophysicsFluid dynamics

Identifiers

PMID40248569
PMCPMC11999868

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.